Table 3.
Factors and items by social frailty status.
| Factors and Items | Total | Social Non-Frailty | Social Pre-Frailty | Social Frailty | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 229 | n = 146 | n = 66 | n = 17 | ||
| Social Frailty factors, mean ± SD | |||||
| Total score (max 8) | 1.31 ± 1.40 | 0.44 ± 0.50 | 2.41 ± 0.50 c | 4.59 ± 1.12 a,b | 0.000 |
| Factor 1: Social resources, max 3 | 0.45 ± 0.80 | 0.10 ± 0.31 | 0.85 ± 0.90 c | 1.82 ± 1.13 a,b | 0.000 |
| Factor 2: Social activities and financial resource, max 3 | 0.47 ± 0.70 | 0.20 ± 0.40 | 0.80 ± 0.73 c | 1.53 ± 1.07 a,b | 0.000 |
| Factor 3: Social need fulfilment, max 2 | 0.40 ± 0.61 | 0.14 ± 0.35 | 0.76 ± 0.66 c | 1.24 ± 0.75 a,b | 0.000 |
| Individual items, n (%) | |||||
| Visiting friends sometimes (no) | 32 (14.0) | 6 (4.1) | 17 (25.8) | 9 (52.9) | 0.000 |
| Turning to family or friends for advice (no) | 36 (15.7) | 4 (2.7) | 20 (30.3) | 12 (70.6) | 0.000 |
| Having someone to confide in (no) | 34 (14.8) | 5 (3.4) | 19 (28.8) | 10 (58.8) | 0.000 |
| Going out less frequently compared with the last year (yes) | 34 (14.8) | 9 (6.2) | 15 (22.7) | 10 (58.8) | 0.000 |
| Eating with someone at least one time in a day (no) | 56 (24.5) | 18 (12.3) | 28 (42.4) | 10 (58.8) | 0.000 |
| Limited by financial resources to pay for needed medical service (yes) | 18 (7.9) | 2 (1.4) | 19 (15.2) | 6 (35.3) | 0.000 |
| Living alone (yes) | 26 (11.4) | 5 (3.4) | 14 (21.2) | 7 (41.2) | 0.000 |
| Talking to someone every day (no) | 65 (28.4) | 15 (10.3) | 36 (54.5) | 14 (82.4) | 0.000 |
a Post-hoc, p < 0.05 compared with social non-frailty; b Post-hoc, p < 0.05 compared with social pre-frailty; c Post-hoc, p < 0.05 compared with social non-frailty.