Table 5.
Logistic regression models for social and physical frailty.
| Outcome Variables | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| GDS | ||||||
| 1. Social Non-Frailty | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Social Pre-Frailty | 1.28 (0.36–4.54) | 0.701 | 1.24 (0.30–5.08) | 0.765 | 1.14 (0.26–4.89) | 0.864 |
| Social Frailty | 4.26 (0.99–18.32) | 0.052 | 6.88 (1.23–38.66) | 0.028 | 6.32 (1.12–35.80) | 0.037 |
| 2. Modified Fried | 1.16 (0.53–2.55) | 0.704 | 1.32 (0.53–3.26) | 0.552 | - | |
| MNA | ||||||
| 1. Social Non-Frailty | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Social Pre-Frailty | 3.55 (0.97–13.03) | 0.056 | 3.57 (0.87–14.69) | 0.078 | 2.24 (0.48–10.46) | 0.307 |
| Social Frailty | 7.61 (1.54–37.47) | 0.013 | 11.13 (1.91–64.97) | 0.007 | 8.35 (1.18–59.22) | 0.034 |
| 2. Modified Fried | 2.94 (1.45–5.99) | 0.003 | 3.47 (1.33–9.05) | 0.011 | - | |
| SPPB | ||||||
| 1. Social Non-Frailty | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Social Pre-Frailty | 8.54 (1.72–42.33) | 0.009 | 7.66 (1.43–41.14) | 0.018 | 6.22 (1.09–35.43) | 0.039 |
| Social Frailty | 22.15 (3.70–132.66) | 0.001 | 17.51 (2.63–116.58) | 0.003 | 13.97 (1.97–98.90) | 0.008 |
| 2. Modified Fried | 2.94 (1.45–5.99) | 0.003 | 1.75 (0.76–4.06) | 0.192 | - | |
| IPAQ | ||||||
| 1. Social Non-Frailty | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Social Pre-Frailty | 2.91 (1.43–5.93) | 0.003 | 3.66 (1.67–8.02) | 0.001 | 3.10 (1.37–7.04) | 0.007 |
| Social Frailty | 3.65 (1.20–11.01) | 0.022 | 4.46 (1.37–14.54) | 0.013 | 3.58 (1.06–12.04) | 0.040 |
| 2. Modified Fried | 1.81 (1.14–2.88) | 0.012 | 1.78 (1.04–3.07) | 0.037 | - | |
| LSA Total | ||||||
| 1. Social Non-Frailty | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Social Pre-Frailty | 2.23 (1.10–4.55) | 0.027 | 2.02 (0.94–4.31) | 0.070 | 1.49 (0.66–3.37) | 0.337 |
| Social Frailty | 1.83 (0.55–6.16) | 0.328 | 1.72 (0.48–6.10) | 0.403 | 1.16 (0.30–4.56) | 0.829 |
| 2. Modified Fried | 2.20 (1.37–3.53) | 0.001 | 2.19 (1.26–3.81) | 0.005 | - | |
GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; IPAQ, International Physical Activity Questionnaire; LSA, Life–Space Assessment; MNA, Mini Nutritional Assessment; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery. Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender, education, hypertension, and albumin. Model 2: Adjusted for Model 1 plus physical frailty.