Table 4.
Natural products as anti-tumor compounds in GC therapy via targeting STAT3.
| Anti-Tumor Compound | Cell Line | Dose | Duration of Experiment | Results | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piperine | TMK-1 human GC cell line | 25, 50 and 100 μM | 1 h | Downregulation of STAT3 Inhibition of IL-1β and IL-6 Decreasing viability and proliferation of cancer cells |
[175] |
| Tanshinone IIA | Human GC cell lines (SNU-638, MKN1 and AGS) | 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/mL | 12, 24, 48 and 72 h | Inhibition of STAT3 Reduction in the progression and malignancy of cancer cells |
[176] |
| Oxymatrine | Human GC cell lines SGC-7901, MGC-803, BGC-823, HGC-27, AGS and GES-1 | 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/mL | 24, 48 and 72 h | Diminishing proliferation and malignancy of cancer cells Inhibition of IL-21R-mediated STAT3 |
[177] |
| Luteolin | Gastric tumor cell lines of SGC7901, SGC7901/DDP, HGC27, MGC803, BGC803 and BGC823 | 10 μM | - | Selective eradication of STAT3 overexpression-GC cells Increasing the binding of STAT3 to SHP-1 |
[178] |
| Parthenolide | Human GC drug-resistant SGC-7901/DDP cell line | 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L | 24, 48 and 72 h | Induction of apoptosis Inhibition of drug resistance via the downregulation of STAT3 |
[179] |
| Curcumin analogue | Human GC cell lines (BGC-823, SGC-7901) | 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 80 and 100 μM | 24 and 48 h | Induction of apoptosis and mitotic arrest Downregulation of STAT3 |
[180] |
| Nifuratel | Human GC cell lines SGC-7901 and BGC-823 | 75, 150 and 300 μM | 24 h | Inhibition of IL-6-mediated STAT3 activation | [181] |
| Cryptotanshinone | Human GC cell lines SGC-7901 and HGC-27 | 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 and 20 μM | 4 h | Enhancing anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation |
[182] |
| Asiatic acid | SGC7901 (metastatic carcinoma of lymph node) | 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM | 12 h | Stimulation of apoptosis Inhibition of proliferation and migration Downregulation of STAT3 |
[183] |
| Sulforaphane | Human GC cell lines MGC803 and BGC823 | 2.5, 5 and 10 μM | 72 h | Sensitizing cancer cells to chemotherapy Suppressing cancer stem cell-like properties Upregulation of miR-124 and subsequent downregulation of IL-6/STAT3 |
[184] |
| Thymoquinone | Three human GC cells (HGC27, BGC823 and SGC7901) | 25, 50 and 75 μmol/L | 24 h | Suppressing STAT3 phosphorylation Downregulation of survival factors such as Bcl-2 and cyclin-D |
[185] |
| Paeoniflorin | Human gastric carcinoma MGC-803 cells and human normal gastric mucosa GES-1 cell lines | 5, 10 and 20 μmol/L | 48 h | Downregulation of STAT3 Interfering with the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells |
[186] |
| Eupatilin | Human GC cell line MKN45 | 50 and 100 μM | 16 h | Inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway Suppressing VEGF and the growth of cancer cells |
[187] |
| Epigallocatechin-6-gallate | Human gastric cancer (AGS) cells | 5, 10, 25 and 50 μmol/L | 24 h | Suppressing IL-6/STAT3/VEGF results in growth inhibition | [188] |
| Cucurbitacin B | GC MKN-45 cells | 0.1, 1 and 10 μM | 12, 24 and 48 h | Sensitizing cancer cells to cell death Downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 |
[189] |
| Ponicidin | Human MKN28 cell line | 10, 25 and 50 μmol/L | 48 h | Induction of apoptosis Downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 |
[190] |
| Cycloastragenol | Human gastric adenocarcinoma SNU-1 and SNU-16 cells | 1, 5, 10, 30 and 50 μM | 24 h | Inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 via suppressing Src and JAK1/2 activation Induction of apoptosis |
[191] |
| Fucoxanthin | SGC-7901 cells | 25, 50 and 75 μM | 24 h | Downregulation of STAT3 Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest |
[192] |
| HJC0152 (niclosamide) | Six GC cell lines (AGS, HGC-27, MKN28, MKN45, SGC7901 and BGC-823) | 5, 10 and 20 μM | 1, 2 and 4 h | Suppressing the STAT3 signaling pathway and subsequent decrease in the expression of survival factors such as Survivin and Mcl-1 | [193] |
| Piceatannol | Human GC SGC-7901 cell line | 10 and 20 μM | - | Inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation | [194] |
| BP-1-102 | Five human GC cell lines (AGS, HGC-27, MKN28, MGC803 and SGC7901) | 2, 4 and 6 μM | 72 h | Suppressing the invasion and proliferation of cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner Downregulation of STAT3 |
[195] |