. 2020 Jun 17;10(6):68. doi: 10.3390/bios10060068

Table 5.

The applications of plant part-derived CDs for the sensing of various molecules in biological samples.

Sources	Parts	Analytes	LOD (µM)	Biological Samples	Ref.
L. camara berry + EDA	Fruit	Pb²⁺	0.00964	Serum/Urine	[61]
Muskmelon	Fruit	Hg²⁺	0.33	Serum	[92]
Lemon juice	Fruit	V⁵⁺	27.36	Fetal Bovine Serum	[59]
Lycii fructus + NH₃	Fruit	Fe³⁺	0.021	Urine	[62]
Tomato	Fruit	Fe³⁺	0.016, 0.072, 0.065	Plasma/urine	[93]
Pineapple	Fruit	Fe³⁺	0.03	Plasma/urine	[94]
Citrus sinensis/limon peels	Fruit	Fe³⁺/Tartrazine	0.003/0.2	Blood/urine	[85]
Date kernel	Fruit	ZA	0.04	Serum	[63]
Prosopis juliflora	Leaf	Chemet	0.0077	Serum	[83]
Ginkgo leaf	Leaf	SASP	0.04	Mouse plasma	[66]
Henna	Leaf	MTX	0.007	Plasma	[67]
Saffron	Flower	PC	0.0018	Plasma	[52]
Waste tea residue	Leaf	TC	0.09	Urine	[91]
Rose flower	Flower	TC	0.0033	Urine	[79]
Aloe	Stem	Tartrazine	0.073	Foods	[48]
Cauliflower	Flower	Pesticides	0.00082, 0.0021, 0.012	Cherry tomato	[53]
Kiwi/white & black sesame	Seed	NO₂⁻	0.23	Ham sausage	[84]
Water hyacinth	Leaf	Borax	1.5/11.85	Fishball	[86]