Table 3.
Multiple analysis of the association of pain, severe pain, and four or more painful sites with the independent variables in severely obese adults.
| Variable | Pain | Severe Pain | Four or More Painful Sites | Variable | Pain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR (95% CI) | p | PR (95% CI) | p | PR (95% CI) | p | |
| First Level | ||||||
| Gender * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Male | 1 | – | – | |||
| Female | 1.21 (0.95–1.54) | 0.127 | – | – | ||
| Schooling (years) | – | – | – | – | ||
| ≤10 | – | 1.09 (0.87–1.36) | 0.478 | – | ||
| ≥11 | – | 1 | – | |||
| Economic class | – | – | ||||
| A–B | – | 1 | 1 | |||
| C | – | 1.15 (0.83–1.59) | 0.417 | 1.71 (1.05–2.81) | 0.033 a | |
| D | – | 1.29 (0.89–1.88) | 0.176 | 2.15 (1.30–3.58) | 0.003 a | |
| Second Level | ||||||
| Fruit Consumption (daily) | – | – | – | – | ||
| No | 1.13 (0.97–1.31) | 0.109 | – | – | ||
| Yes | 1 | – | – | |||
| MVPA (min/day) (median) | – | – | – | – | ||
| <Median (8.48) | 1.15 (1.03–1.28) | 0.010 a | – | – | ||
| ≥Median (8.48) | 1 | – | – | |||
| Third Level | ||||||
| Fall in the last 12 months | – | – | – | – | ||
| No | – | 1 | – | |||
| Yes | – | 1.06 (0.84–1.33) | 0.621 | – | ||
| Fracture | – | – | – | – | ||
| No | – | 1 | – | |||
| Yes | – | 1.23 (0.99–1.54) | 0.068 | – | ||
| Anxiety | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.07 (0.93–1.23) | 0.337 | 1.17 (0.84–1.62) | 0.358 | 1.45 (0.86–2.45) | 0.159 |
| Depression | – | – | ||||
| No | – | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | – | 1.03 (0.79–1.36) | 0.810 | 1.42 (0.94–2.15) | 0.096 | |
| Arthritis/arthrosis | – | – | ||||
| No | – | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | – | 1.31 (1.08–1.59) | 0.007 a | 1.38 (1.04–1.82) | 0.025 a | |
| Use of analgesics | – | – | – | – | ||
| No | – | – | 1 | |||
| Yes | – | – | 1.30 (0.99–1.71) | 0.059 | ||
| Use of muscle relaxant | – | – | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | – | |||
| Yes | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 0.211 | 1.31 (1.03–1.66) | 0.026 a | – |
CI: confidence interval; PR: prevalence ratio. * The gender variable was excluded from the multiple analysis, only for pain in four or more sites. Wald test was used to calculate all p-values. a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (bold mark).