Table 1.
CI values for medicinal plant species used for treatment infection diseases by the Karen in Thailand.
| Species | Bacterial infection | Fungal infection | Helminth worm infection | Protozoal infection | Small animal infection | Unidentified infection | Viral infection | Total CI value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acacia caesia (L.) Willd. | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.12 |
| Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. | 0.04 | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.12 |
| Acalypha spiciflora Burm.f. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Achyranthes aspera L. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K.Jansen | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Acmella paniculata (Wall. ex DC.) R.K.Jansen | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Acorus calamus L. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Aesculus assamica Griff. | 0.08 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.12 |
| Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M.King & H.Rob. | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 |
| Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Alstonia rostrata C. E. C. Fisch. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. | - | - | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | 0.08 |
| Amphineurion marginatum (Roxb.) D.J.Middleton | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Angiopteris evecta (G. Forst.) Hoffm. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Annona squamosa L. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Archidendron jiringa (Jack) I.C.Nielsen | - | - | - | - | - | 0.08 | - | 0.08 |
| Arisaema auriculatum Buchet | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Aristolochia tagala Cham. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.12 |
| Artemisia atrovirens Hand.-Mazz. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Buddleja asiatica Lour. | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 |
| Caesalpinia sappan L. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 | - | 0.12 |
| Cassytha filiformis L. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Celtis tetrandra Roxb. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 |
| Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.08 |
| Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A.Juss. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Cissampelos hispida Forman | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Cissus javana DC. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Clausena excavata Burm.f. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 | - | 0.08 |
| Cleidion javanicum Blume | 0.08 | - | - | 0.16 | - | - | 0.08 | 0.32 |
| Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A.Juss. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Combretum indicum (L.) DeFilipps | - | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | - | 0.08 |
| Croton sepalinus Airy Shaw | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Cyclea barbata Miers | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Cyclocodon lancifolius subsp. Celebicus (Blume) K.E.Morris & Lammers | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Dactylicapnos scandens (D.Don) Hutch. | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 |
| Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees & Arn. ex Munro | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Derris elliptica (Wall.) Benth. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Dianella ensifolia (L.) DC. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Diospyros mollis Griff. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Schult. | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 |
| Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Elephantopus scaber L. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Embelia sessiliflora Kurz | - | - | 0.16 | - | - | - | - | 0.16 |
| Entada rheedii Spreng. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Euphorbia heterophylla L. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Blume | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Flemingia lineata (L.) Aiton | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Flueggea leucopyrus Willd. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Glinus herniarioides (Gagnep.) Tardieu | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Glochidion sphaerogynum (MÃ_ll.Arg.) Kurz | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Gmelina arborea Roxb. | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Grewia nervosa (Lour.) Panigrahi | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr. | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Hedyotis ampliflora Hance | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Helicteres elongata Wall. ex Bojer | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Heliotropium indicum L. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Hydnocarpus ilicifolia King | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Ixora henryi H.Lév. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Lepisanthes senegalensis (Poir.) Leenh. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. | 0.04 | 0.04 | - | 0.08 | - | - | 0.12 | 0.28 |
| Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Luffa cylindrica (L.) M.Roem. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Mangifera indica L. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Melia azedarach L. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Melicope glomerata (W. G. Craib) T.G. Hartley | - | - | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | 0.08 |
| Microcos paniculata L. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Millingtonia hortensis L.f. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Momordica charantia L. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Morus macroura Miq. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Mucuna macrocarpa Wall. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Mussaenda sanderiana Ridl. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Ocotea lancifolia (Schott) Mez | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.08 |
| Oxalis acetosella L. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Passiflora foetida L. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Peliosanthes macrophylla Wall. ex Baker | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Persicaria barbata (L.) H.Hara | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Phlogacanthus curviflorus (Wall.) Nees | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Phymatopteris cruciformis (Ching) Pic. Serm. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Picrasma javanica Blume | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Plumbago indica L. | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Psidium guajava L. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn var. wightianum Tryon | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz | - | - | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | 0.08 |
| Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill. | - | - | - | 0.12 | - | - | - | 0.12 |
| Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. | - | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.16 |
| Rubia cordifolia L. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Saccharum officinarum L. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Sambucus javanica Blume | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Sapindus rarak DC. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Scoparia dulcis L. | 0.04 | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.12 |
| Senna alata (L.) Roxb. | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.12 |
| Senna occidentalis (L.) Link | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Smilax corbularia Kunth | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.08 |
| Solanum indicum L. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Styrax benzoides W. G. Craib | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Syzygium fruticosum DC. | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.04 |
| Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Lam. | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Tadehagi triquetrum (L.) H.Ohashi | 0.08 | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | - | 0.16 |
| Tamarindus indica L. | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Tectona grandis L.f. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson | 0.12 | - | 0.12 | 0.04 | - | 0.04 | - | 0.32 |
| Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray | - | 0.08 | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | 0.12 |
| Trevesia palmata (Roxb. ex Lindl.) Vis. | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Triadica cochinchinensis Lour. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | 0.04 | 0.08 |
| Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |
| Vitex trifolia L. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub. | - | - | - | 0.04 | - | - | - | 0.04 |