| (CGMH) | Chang Gung Memorial Hospital |
| (CGRD) | Chang Gung Research Database |
| (DH) | Diabetic hyperglycemia |
| (ICD-9) | International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision |
| (DM) | Diabetes mellitus |
| (DN) | Diabetic normoglycemia |
| (HbA1c) | Glycated hemoglobin |
| (NDN) | Nondiabetic normoglycemia |
| (SIH) | Stress-induced hyperglycemia |
| (TBI) | Traumatic brain injury |