Table 4. Inflammatory response and immunoreaction of COVID-19 patients on admission to hospital.
| Median (IQR) | ||||
| all (n=1000) | age<60(n=473) | 60-74(n=359) | age≥75(n=168) | |
| Nonspecific inflammation index | ||||
| C-reactive protein, mg/L a | 29.1 (5,70.9) | 11.4 (5,46.98) | 40 (7.35,83.85)* | 54.3 (18.55,87.6)*# |
| >10, No. (%) | 615 (64.8%) | 226 (51.6%) | 250 (72%)* | 139 (84.8%)*# |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L b | 5 (5,5) | 5 (1.75,5) | 5 (5,5)* | 5 (5,5)*# |
| >5, N0. (%) | 138 (14.7%) | 64 (14.8%) | 46 (13.3%) | 28 (17.2%) |
| Serum amyloid protein, mg/L c | 59.42 (5,202.77) | 9.94 (5,127.66) | 200 (66.43,300)* | 200 (61.48,300)* |
| >10, No. (%) | 148 (61.2%) | 78 (49.1%) | 44 (83%)* | 26 (86.7%)# |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h d | 54 (31,71) | 40.5 (28,62.5) | 62 (41,86)* | 57.5 (39.75,83.5)* |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL e | 0.06 (0.04,0.13) | 0.05 (0.03,0.1) | 0.06 (0.04,0.13)* | 0.12 (0.06,0.3)*# |
| >0.5, No. (%) | 62 (7.4%) | 13 (3.8%) | 23 (7%) | 26 (16.3%)*# |
| Cytokines f | ||||
| Interferon-γ, pg/mL | 3.82 (2.72,5.53) | 3.78 (3.01,6.02) | 4 (2.81,5.4) | 3.76 (2.16,4.58) |
| interleukin 2, pg/mL | 3.49 (3.08,4.06) | 3.48 (3.08,4.06) | 3.55 (3.08,4.06) | 3.2 (2.87,3.84) |
| interleukin 4, pg/mL | 3.61 (3.01,4.16) | 3.75 (3.16,4.29) | 3.55 (3.01,4.1) | 3.17 (2.81,3.85)* |
| Interleukin 5, pg/mL g | 2.25 (2.13,2.35) | 2.23 (2.13,2.34) | 2.22 (2.11,2.42) | 2.31 (2.31,2.33) |
| Interleukin 6, pg/mL h | 7.04 (2.89,18.15) | 5.71 (2.11,10.74) | 7.19 (2.61,18.02) | 16.66 (7.03,39.16)*# |
| interleukin 10, pg/mL | 5.72 (4.75,7.38) | 5.72 (4.74,7) | 5.66 (4.59,7.4) | 6.25 (4.93,7.54) |
| Tumor necrosis factor, pg/mL | 3.11 (2.73,4.32) | 3.06 (2.64,4.03) | 3.26 (2.91,4.26) | 3.04 (2.75,4.57) |
| Humoral immunity i | ||||
| Complement 3, g/L | 1 (0.86,1.15) | 1.02 (0.86,1.17) | 1.01 (0.88,1.14) | 0.95 (0.81,1.06)*# |
| Complement 4, g/L | 0.25 (0.19,0.33) | 0.26 (0.19,0.34) | 0.24 (0.18,0.32)* | 0.25 (0.2,0.32) |
| Immunoglobulin A, g/L | 2.34 (1.76,3.01) | 2.17 (1.64,2.61) | 2.44 (1.85,3.21)* | 2.68 (2.03,3.4)* |
| Immunoglobulin E, IU/mL | 43.65 (18.3,122) | 45.95 (18.3,131) | 42.3 (18.3,115) | 42.3 (18.3,120.5) |
| Immunoglobulin G, g/L | 11.85 (10.03,14.2) | 11.5 (9.9,13.58) | 12.2 (10.2,14.6)* | 12.5 (10.3,14.85)* |
| Immunoglobulin M, g/L | 0.94 (0.68,1.23) | 1.01 (0.74,1.29) | 0.9 (0.66,1.2)* | 0.84 (0.58,1.15)* |
| Cellular immunity j | ||||
| CD16+56, % | 13.24 (8.52,20.58) | 11.64 (7.54,18.08) | 14.1 (9.26,20.29)* | 16.82 (11.24,29.9)*# |
| CD16+56 counts, No./μL | 118 (73,183) | 117 (75.25,175) | 118 (72.5,188) | 118.5 (70,190.75) |
| CD19, % | 15.29 (11.23,20.81) | 14.92 (10.83,20.04) | 16.32 (11.93,22.04)* | 14.6 (10.15,21.76)# |
| CD19 counts, No./μL | 136 (88,200) | 142.5 (103,212.25) | 137 (81.5,203.5)* | 107 (60.25,151.75)*# |
| CD3, % | 66.95 (57.01,74.25) | 69.66 (61.85,75.67) | 64.84 (56.05,72.72)* | 61.24 (48.06,70.32)*# |
| CD3 counts No./μL | 597 (378.5,904.5) | 740 (508.25,1038.5) | 552 (345.5,819)* | 416 (243,639)*# |
| CD4, % | 39.56 (31.64,46.06) | 39.55 (32.52,45.65) | 40.64 (32.76,47.79) | 35.82 (29.07,45.89)*# |
| CD4 counts, No./μL | 359 (217,548) | 412 (273.5,613.75) | 328 (209.5,531.5)* | 266 (138,392.5)*# |
| CD8, % | 22.17 (15.9,29.25) | 25.21 (19.49,31.01) | 20.19 (14.35,26.08)* | 18.6 (12.12,24.99)* |
| CD8 counts, No./μL | 211 (114,332) | 263 (163.25,403.75) | 177 (95,285)* | 120.5 (64.75,230.5)*# |
| CD4/CD8 | 1.74 (1.24,2.65) | 1.56 (1.16,2.12) | 2.04 (1.4,3.07)* | 1.93 (1.28,3.17)* |
The total number of patients with available data: a: n(<60)=438, n(60-74)=347, n(≥75)=164; b: n(<60)=431, n(60-74)=347, n(≥75)=163; c: n(<60)=159, n(60-74)=53, n(≥75)=30; d: n(<60)=50, n(60-74)=39, n(≥75)=20; e: n(<60)=345, n(60-74)=329, n(≥75)=160; f: n(<60)=87, n(60-74)=69, n(≥75)=26; g: n(<60)=32, n(60-74)=15, n(≥75)=3; h: n(<60)=167, n(60-74)=165, n(≥75)=66; i: n(<60)=374, n(60-74)=309, n(≥75)=139; j: n(<60)=390, n(60-74)=319, n(≥75)=142. * p<0.05 vs. <60 group. # p<0.05 vs. 60-74 group.