| ACR | Albumin/Creatinine ratio |
| AGEs | Advanced glycation end products |
| AMPK | 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase |
| ASC | Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain |
| AUC | Area under the curve |
| BUN | Blood urea nitrogen |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| DN | Diabetic nephropathy |
| FBG | Fasting blood glucose |
| GPx | Glutathione peroxidase |
| 4-HNE | 4-hydroxynonenal |
| HO-1 | Hemeoxygenase-1 |
| IL-1β | Interleukin-1β |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
| iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| NC | Normal control |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor-κB |
| NLRP3 | NOD-like pyrin domain containing receptor 3 |
| NQO1 | NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase-1 |
| PKC | Protein kinase C |
| RAGE | Receptor for advanced glycation end products |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SIRT1 | Sirtuin1 |
| SMA | Smooth muscle actin |
| SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
| T2DM | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-β |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| QA | Quamoclit angulata |
| QAE | Quamoclit angulata extract |