Table 1.
Training set (n = 150) | External validation set(n = 64) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lung Adenocarcinomas (77) | Granulomatous Lesions (73) | P Value | Lung Adenocarcinomas (35) | Granulomatous Lesions (29) | P Value | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 35 | 48 | 0.012* | 17 | 14 | 0.981 |
Female | 42 | 25 | 18 | 15 | ||
Age (mean ± SD, years) | 58.44 ± 10.97 | 52.29 ± 12.82 | 0.006* | 56.60 ± 9.52 | 55.48 ± 13.41 | 0.599 |
Size (mean ± SD, mm) | 8.49 ± 1.43 | 8.41 ± 1.35 | 0.357 | 8.78 ± 1.75 | 8.20 ± 2.71 | 0.608 |
Location | ||||||
Upper and Middle | 52 | 49 | 0.957 | 24 | 15 | 0.169 |
Lower | 25 | 24 | 11 | 14 | ||
Margin | ||||||
Irregular | 56 | 34 | 0.001* | 26 | 13 | 0.016* |
Regular | 21 | 39 | 9 | 16 | ||
Lobulated sharp | ||||||
Absence | 30 | 52 | < 0.001* | 15 | 21 | 0.018* |
Presence | 47 | 21 | 20 | 8 | ||
Spiculated sign | ||||||
Absence | 59 | 64 | 0.078 | 29 | 26 | 0.676 |
Presence | 18 | 9 | 6 | 3 | ||
Rad-score (mean ± SD) | 0.62 ± 0.17 | 0.40 ± 0.15 | < 0.001* | 0.58 ± 0.19 | 0.37 ± 0.16 | < 0.001* |
Note. The differences were assessed by Wilcoxom Rank Sum test or Pearson χ2 test, as appropriate. SD: standard deviation. *p < 0.05. SCSNs: sub-centimeter solid nodules