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. 2020 Jul 8;8:102. doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-00983-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 7 — Oligomeric α-syn shows a close proximity with EAAT2 at the astrocytic endfeet in human brain tissue. a Representative images of human postmortem tissues (striatum (STR)) co-labeled for oligomeric α-syn and EAAT2. Note overlap of oligomeric α-syn with EAAT2 (Scale bar, 10 μm). b Quantification analysis of oligomeric α-syn/EAAT2 co-localization in cortex (CTX), striatum (STR), substantia nigra (SN) and cerebellum (CERE) (means + S.E.M; n ≥ 5; *p < 0.05 by One-way ANOVA test). c Representative images of human postmortem tissues (striatum (STR)) containing EAAT2/oligomeric α-syn complexes (proximity ligation products indicated by white arrows). Note that EAAT2/oligomeric α-syn complexes often co-localized with Kir4.1 labeled astrocytic endfeet (Scale bar, 10 μm). d-e Quantification analysis of number EAAT2/oligomeric α-syn complexes (d) or overlapping with Kir4.1 labeled astrocytic endfeet (e) in cortex (CTX), striatum (STR), substantia nigra (SN) and cerebellum (CERE) of healthy control or PD human postmortem tissues (means + S.E.M; n = 5; *p < 0.05 by One-way ANOVA test)