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. 2020 Jul 8;12:60. doi: 10.1186/s13073-020-00754-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Genetic architecture of inflammatory protein biomarkers in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. a Chromosomal locations of pQTLs concordant between Bayesian penalised and ordinary least squares regression models for genome-wide association studies (n = 13 pQTLs). The x-axis represents the chromosomal location of concordantly identified cis and trans SNPs associated with the levels of Olink® inflammatory proteins. The y-axis represents the position of the gene encoding the associated protein. The sole conditionally significant concordant trans association is annotated. Cis (red circles); trans (blue circles). b Absolute effect size (per standard deviation of difference in protein level per effect allele) of pQTLs versus minor allele frequency. Cis (red circles); trans (blue circles). c Classification of 13 pQTLs by function as defined by functional enrichment analysis in FUMA. d Variance in protein levels explained by pQTLs (estimates from Bayesian penalised regression are displayed)