Table 1.
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association between drugs and severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs)/hypersensitivity in different ethnicity.
Drug | HLA allele | SCAR | Ethnicity | Negative predicted value (NPV) | Positive predicted value (PPV) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abacavir | B*57:01 | HSS | Caucasian, Asians (Hetherington et al., 2002; Mallal et al., 2002; Mallal et al., 2008), Black (Saag et al., 2008) | 100% in Caucasians | 55% in Caucasians |
Allopurinol | B*58:01 | SJS TEN DRESS |
Han Chinese (Hung et al., 2005; Cao et al., 2012) Thai (Tassaneeyakul et al., 2009) Japanese (Kaniwa et al., 2008) Korean (Kang et al., 2011) European (Stamp et al., 2016) |
100% in Han Chinese; 100% in Thai | 2% in Han Chinese; 1.52% in Thai |
Carbamazepine | B*15:02 | SJS TEN |
Han Chinese (Chung et al., 2004; Man et al., 2007) Thai (Locharernkul et al., 2008; Tangamornsuksan et al., 2013) Indian (Mehta et al., 2009) Malaysian (Chang et al., 2011) Vietnam (Nguyen et al., 2015) Singapore (Chong et al., 2014) Hong Kong (Kwan et al., 2014) |
100% in Han Chinese, East Asian | 3% in Han Chinese, East Asian |
B*15:11 | SJS TEN |
Koreans (Kim et al., 2011) Japanese (Kaniwa et al., 2010) |
|||
B*57:01 | SJS TEN |
European (Mockenhaupt et al., 2019) | 99.98% in European | 0.89% in European | |
A*31:01 | DRESS MPE |
Han Chinese (Hung et al., 2006) Korea (Kim et al., 2011) Japanese (Ozeki et al., 2011) Caucasians (Hung et al., 2006; McCormack et al., 2011) |
99.97% in Han Chinese | 0.59% in Han Chinese | |
Oxcarbazepine | B*15:02 | SJS TEN |
Han Chinese (Hung et al., 2010) | 99.97% in Han Chinese | 0.73% in Han Chinese |
Dapsone | B*13:01 | DRESS | Han Chinese (Zhang et al., 2013) | 99.8% in Han Chinese, East Asian | 7.8% in Han Chinese |
Phenytoin | B*15:02 B*13:01 B*51:01 |
SJS TEN |
Han Chinese (Hung et al., 2010; Cheung et al., 2013) Thai (Locharernkul et al., 2008) Malaysians (Chang et al., 2017) |
||
Nevirapine | DRB1*01:01 | DRESS | Hispanics, African (Martin et al., 2005) | ||
Beta-lactam antibiotics | C*04:06, C*08:01, DRB1*04:06 | Delayed type hypersensitivity reactions (MPE, DRESS, and SJS | Chinese (Singvijarn et al., 2019) | ||
Flucloxacillin | B*57:01 B*57:03 |
DILI | Caucasian (Daly et al., 2009) Britons, Swedish (Nicoletti et al., 2019b) |
||
Amoxicillin-clavulanate | DRB1*15:01-DRB5*01:01-DQB1*06:02 | DILI | Caucasian (Donaldson et al., 2010; Lucena et al., 2011) |