Table 4. Performance of Boosting-based models during 10-fold cross validation and testing stages at Shenyang station.

Models	10 Fold cross validation results			Testing results
	RMSE	MAE	Adj_R2	RMSE	MAE	Adj_R2
	mm/d	mm/d		mm/d	mm/d
Tmax, Tmin, Rs
ADA1	0.6376	0.5208	0.8792	0.6089	0.4706	0.8795
GBDT1	0.5315	0.3657	0.9184	0.4912	0.3413	0.9216
XGB1	0.5173	0.3630	0.9225	0.4785	0.3399	0.9256
LGB1	0.5139	0.3567	0.9236	0.4721	0.3307	0.9276
CAT1	0.5020	0.3506	0.9272	0.4656	0.3255	0.9295
Tmax, Tmin, RH
ADA2	0.6737	0.5374	0.8635	0.6533	0.5281	0.8613
GBDT2	0.5224	0.3571	0.9202	0.4875	0.3350	0.9228
XGB2	0.5085	0.3603	0.9242	0.4813	0.3417	0.9247
LGB2	0.5071	0.3528	0.9246	0.4801	0.3309	0.9251
CAT2	0.5027	0.3485	0.9259	0.4763	0.3311	0.9264
Tmax, Tmin, U2
ADA3	0.7903	0.6300	0.8157	0.7637	0.6239	0.8104
GBDT3	0.6644	0.4896	0.8695	0.6189	0.4626	0.8755
XGB3	0.6488	0.4820	0.8758	0.5992	0.4545	0.8833
LGB3	0.6477	0.4797	0.8763	0.5933	0.4481	0.8856
CAT3	0.6334	0.4711	0.8814	0.5894	0.4491	0.8871
Tmax, Tmin
ADA4	0.8371	0.6621	0.7935	0.8270	0.6298	0.7779
GBDT4	0.7469	0.5449	0.8375	0.7002	0.5226	0.8408
XGB4	0.7419	0.5578	0.8391	0.6952	0.5368	0.8430
LGB4	0.7218	0.5371	0.8485	0.6633	0.5031	0.8571
CAT4	0.7087	0.5263	0.8532	0.6584	0.4994	0.8592
Tmax, Tmin, Ra
ADA5	0.7546	0.5880	0.8322	0.7240	0.5741	0.8297
GBDT5	0.6150	0.4283	0.8924	0.5693	0.4098	0.8947
XGB5	0.5879	0.4166	0.8992	0.5506	0.4017	0.9015
LGB5	0.5835	0.4122	0.9009	0.5460	0.3945	0.9031
CAT5	0.5731	0.4073	0.9043	0.5446	0.3928	0.9036
Tmax, Tmin, J
ADA6	0.7419	0.5807	0.8381	0.7088	0.5623	0.8367
GBDT6	0.5970	0.4191	0.8959	0.5626	0.4021	0.8971
XGB6	0.5794	0.4130	0.9019	0.5462	0.3987	0.9030
LGB6	0.5752	0.4087	0.9034	0.5439	0.3921	0.9039
CAT6	0.5684	0.4068	0.9057	0.5385	0.3921	0.9058