Table 5.

Etiology of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI)	Renal	Postrenal
Hypovolemia (bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea)	Ischemic tubular injury, sepsis	Extrarenal or intrarenal obstruction (urinary stones, urethral strictures, ureteric and bladder tumors, benign prostatic hypertrophy, etc.)
Congestive heart failure	Glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis
Liver failure	Drugs and toxins
Renal artery stenosis, abdominal compartment syndrome	Diseases such as rhabdomyolysis, tumor lysis syndrome, multiple myeloma, Microangiopathies