A, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score by frailty phenotype. The SPPB score and its components (repeated chair stands, balance, walk time) are shown with bars stacked by frailty phenotype. SPPB components are scored from 0 to 4, with 4 indicating the highest level of performance. The total SPPB score (sum of the 3 components) ranges from 0–12, with 12 indicating the highest level of performance. P value is for the test of the association between SPPB score (both ordinal from 0 to 12, and classified as ≤10 or >10) and frailty phenotype (Spearman correlation test). *Percentage of participants with SPPB score ≤10, with 2-sided 95% Wilson confidence interval. B,
Modified SPPB (mSPPB) score by frailty phenotype. The mSPPB score and its components (chair rise rate, standing balance time proportion, gait speed) are shown overall (histogram) and by frailty phenotype (density lines). mSPPB components are scored from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating the highest level of performance. The total mSPPB score (sum of the 3 components) ranges from 0 to 3, with 3 indicating the highest level of performance. P value is for the test of the association between mSPPB score and frailty phenotype (Spearman correlation test).