Table 3. Factors associated with NCDs among 612 individuals with HIV infection.
| Variable | Total N = 612 | NCDs* n = 290 | PR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted PR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ART status | ||||||
| Naïve | 306 | 96 (31.4%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| ≥5 years | 306 | 194 (63.4%) | 2.02 (1.68–2.44) | <0.001 | 1.36 (1.13–1.65) | 0.001 |
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| <40 | 273 | 70 (25.6%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| ≥40 | 339 | 220 (64.9%) | 2.53 (2.04–3.14) | <0.001 | 2.04 (1.63–2.56) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 184 | 89 (48.4%) | 1 | |||
| Female | 428 | 201 (47.0%) | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.748 | ||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Yes | 29 | 6 (20.7%) | 0.42 (0.21–0.87) | 0.019 | 0.45 (0.24–0.86) | 0.016 |
| No | 583 | 284 (48.7%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Alcohol use | ||||||
| Yes | 170 | 88 (51.8%) | 1.13 (0.95–1.35) | 0.168 | 0.95 (0.81–1.10) | 0.494 |
| No | 442 | 202 (45.7%) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Low intensity | 529 | 250 (47.3%) | 1 | |||
| Moderate/Vigorous | 83 | 40 (48.2%) | 1.02 (0.80–1.30) | 0.873 | ||
| BMI | ||||||
| Underweight/Normal | 350 | 118 (33.7%) | 1 | |||
| Overweight/obesity | 262 | 172 (65.6%) | 1.95 (1.64–2.31) | <0.001 | 1.52 (1.28–1.80) | <0.001 |
ART: antiretroviral therapy; BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; NCDs: non-communicable diseases; PR: prevalence ratio.
* NCDs considered: hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.