Table 3. Characteristics of 340 US hospitals grouped by the proportion of private patient rooms (PPRs), based on discharges between September 2015 and August 2016.
| Variable | Group 1 (N = 113; PPR<62%) | Group 2 (N = 114; PPR = 62–82%) | Group 3 (N = 114; PPR>82%) | Overall and pair-wise group comparisons p-values | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Overall** | 1 vs 2* | 2 vs 3* | 1 vs 3* | |
| HA-MRSA incidence (per 100,000 discharges) | 466 (349, 583) | 105 (69, 141) | 52 (28, 75) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.020 | <0.001 |
| Teaching facility (%) | 25.4 (14.3, 36.4) | 21.4 (11.6, 31.3) | 18.6 (8.4, 28.9) | 0.662 | 0.589 | 0.695 | 0.369 |
| Rural location (%) | 31.6 (20.9, 42.3) | 17.2 (9.1, 25.3) | 12.9 (4.8, 20.9) | 0.012 | 0.032 | 0.448 | 0.007 |
| Ownership type (%) | |||||||
| For-Profit | 46.1 (34.6, 57.5) | 37.9 (27.5, 48.3) | 61.4 (49.7, 73.1) | <0.001 | 0.013 | 0.294 | 0.003 |
| Public | 26.3 (16.2, 36.4) | 11.5 (4.7, 18.3) | 2.85 (0, 6.9) | 0.015 | 0.043 | <0.001 | |
| Non-Profit | 27.6 (17.3, 38.0) | 50.6 (39.9, 61.3) | 35.7 (24.2, 47.2) | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.062 | |
| # Licensed beds (Mean) | 262 (181, 343) | 259 (213, 306) | 185 (124, 247) | 0.175 | 0.479 | 0.027 | 0.071 |
| Not privately insured (Mean %) | 63.9 (60.1, 67.6) | 63.1 (60.3, 65.8) | 55.3 (51.2, 59.3) | 0.001 | 0.366 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Hispanic patients (Mean %) | 34.1 (28.2, 40.1) | 27.4 (22.1, 32.6) | 15.6 (12.1, 19.1) | <0.001 | 0.046 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Black patients (Mean %) | 9.2 (7.3, 11.1) | 11.4 (9.5, 13.3) | 10.6 (8.5, 12.7) | 0.298 | 0.055 | 0.281 | 0.175 |
| Physical space per bed (Mean; in square feet) | 2,045 (1,549, 2,541) | 2147 (1,970, 2,325) | 3663 (1,606, 5,720) | 0.084 | 0.343 | 0.052 | 0.057 |
| LOS in days (Mean) | 4.9 (4.4, 5.4) | 4.9 (4.5, 5.4) | 4.7 (4.4, 5.0) | 0.814 | 0.976 | 0.520 | 0.582 |
| Elixhauser score (Mean) | 2.6 (2.2, 3.0) | 3.4 (3.1, 3.6) | 2.7 (2.2, 3.2) | 0.018 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.355 |
| Nurse-to-patient (Mean) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.0) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Major therapeutic procedures (Mean %) | 33.2 (29.5, 36.8) | 28.8 (27.5, 30.1) | 46.2 (41.7, 50.8) | <0.001 | 0.013 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Occupancy rate (Mean %) | 34.1 (30.3, 37.9) | 45.4 (41.9, 48.9) | 37.6 (32.9, 42.4) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.122 |
HA-MRSA, hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection
PPRs, private patient rooms.
* Unadjusted pairwise differences in the characteristics of the three groups were evaluated using chi-squared tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables.
** The significance of overall differences across the three groups was evaluated using chi-squared tests for categorical variables and one-way ANOVAs for continuous variables.