Table 2.
Covid19 Immunomodulatory ongoing therapies (clinical trial .gov).
| Type of immunomodulation | Trial code | Intervention | Country | Phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pro -inflammatory cytokine inhibitors | NCT04317092 | Tocilizumab injection (8 mg/kg) | Italy | II |
| NCT04315298 | Sarilumab(IV) | USA | II/III | |
| NCT04339660 | Anakinra (200 mg/ 3 times per day for 1 week)/ Tocilizumab (8 mg/kg once)/ IV | Greece | I | |
| NCT04364009 | Anakinra (100 mg/6 h/ three days- 100 mg/12 h/ 6 days) IV injection for 10 days + oSOC vs oSOC only | France | III | |
| NCT04347226 | BMS-986253 (Anti-IL-8) 2400 mg IV | USA | II | |
| NCT04399980 | Mavrilimumab (Anti GM-CSF R α chain) | USA | II | |
| NCT04379076 | CYT107 (Anti IL-7) 10 μg/kg twice a week for two weeks -IM | UK | II | |
| NCT04363853 | Tocilizumab | Mexic | II | |
| NCT04335071 | Tocilizumab 8 mg/kg bodyweight, max. Single dose 800 mg | Switzerland | II | |
| NCT04351243 | Gimsilumab(anti GM-CSF)/IV | USA | II | |
| NCT04324021 | Emapalumab (anti-IFN-ϒ) / Anakinra | Sweden | II/III | |
| NCT04335305 | Pembrolizumab anti-PD-1)) (200 mg IV)/ Tocilizumab (800 mg IV) | Spain | II | |
| NCT04351152 | Lenzilumab (anti- GM-CSF) IV | USA | III | |
| NCT04320615 | Tocilizumab | Switzerland | III | |
| NCT04343989 | Clazakizumab (25and 12.5 mg) | USA | II | |
| NCT04377750 | Tocilizumab (800 mg) | Israel | IV | |
| NCT04330638 | Anakinra/ Siltuximab/Tocilizumab | Belguim | III | |
| NCT04380519 | Olokizumab 64 mg s.c 160 mg/ml | Russia | III | |
| JAk inhibitors | NCT04320277 | Baricitinib 4 mg/day/orally | Italy | III |
| NCT04373044 | Baricitinib / Hydroxychloroquine | USA | II | |
| NCT04338958 | Ruxolitinib | Germany | II | |
| NCT04377620 | Ruxolitinib | USA | III | |
| NCT04348695 | Ruxolitinib(5 mg)Simvastatin (40 mg/day) | Spain | II | |
| NCT04390464 | Ravulizumab (anti C5)/Baricitinib | UK | IV | |
| Convalscent Plasma (CP)therapy | NCT04385043 | Hyperimmune plasma vs standard therapy | Italy | II/III |
| NCT04384497 | Daily 200 ml of CP infusion | Sweden | I/II | |
| NCT04364737 | 250-500 ml CP infuson | USA | II | |
| NCT04392414 | 300 ml CP infusion | Russia | II | |
| NCT04345991 | 200–220 ml CP infusion | France | II | |
| NCT04342182 | 300 ml CP infusion | Netherland | II/III | |
| NCT04358783 | 200 ml CP infusion | Mexico | II | |
| NCT04403477 | 200 ml CP infusion | Bangladesh | II | |
| NCT04348656 | 250–500 ml CP infusion | Canada | III | |
| Cell therapy | NCT04288102 | MSC IV inejection | China | I/II |
| NCT04313322 | WJ-MSC (1 × 06) IV injection 3 times by 3 days intervals | Jordan | I | |
| NCT04269525 | UC-MSCs IV injection | China | II | |
| NCT04339660 | 1 × 106 UC-MSCs /kg body weight | China | II | |
| NCT04288102 | 3times of 4 × 107 MSCs by three days intervals | China | II | |
| NCT04366063 | MSC ± EVs | Iran | II/III | |
| NCT04333368 | UC-MSC 1 × 106/kg IV | France | II | |
| NCT04331613 | CAStem IV 3-10 × 106 cells/kg | China | II | |
| NCT04355728 | 100 × 106 UC-MSC cells IV injection | USA | II | |
| Others | NCT04280588 | Fingolimod 0.5 mg orally once a day for 3 days | China | |
| NCT04317040 | CD24Fc | USA | III | |
| NCT04263402 | Methylprednisolone <40 mg/d or 40-80 mg/d for 7 days (IV) | China | IV | |
| NCT04334460 | BLD-2660 (small molecule as Calpain inhibitor) orall | USA | II | |
| NCT04275245 | Meplazumab(10 mg IV, every day for 2 days) | China | II | |
| NCT04371367 | iv administration of avdoralimab (anti C5aR) | France | II | |
| NCT04347239 | Leronlimab (700 mg/week) SC | USA | II | |
| NCT04275414 | Bevacizumab 500 mg | Italy/China | II/III |
I.V. = Intravenous, s.c. = Sub cutaneous, I.M = Intra muscular, oSOC = optimized Standard of care, MSC = Mesenchymal stem cell, UC-MSC = Umbilical cord-MSC, WJ-MSC = Warton Jelly MSC, CAStem = immunity- and matrix-regulatory cells (IMRCs) also named M cells, differentiated from clinical-grade human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).