(A) Schematic showing experimental protocol with GnRH-Cre mice injected with Cre-dependent Flex-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry AAVs bilaterally into the region of the median eminence and CNO given by IP injection. MS, medial septum. CNO, Clozapine N-oxide. (B) Fluorescence images of GnRH neurons expressing GnRH (green) and mCherry (red) in GnRH::Flex-hM4D(Gi)-mCherry mice. Scale bar, 20 μm. (C,D) LH profiles for all of the wild-type (WT) OVX+E+P mice given saline control (C, n = 9) or CNO (D, n = 11). (E,F) LH profiles for all of the GnRH-Cre OVX+E+P mice given saline control (E, n = 12) or CNO (F, n = 11). (G) Mean (± SEM) LH levels for the four experimental groups. *p<0.05, ***p<0.001, two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Holm-Sidak test. (H-M) Representative examples of pulsatile LH secretion in OVX GnRH-Cre mice given IP saline (H,I) or CNO (J,K). LH pulses are indicated by asterisks. (L,M) Mean (± SEM) amplitude and frequency of LH pulses in saline (n = 6) and CNO (n = 6). ***p<0.001 Mann-Whitney U-tests.