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. 2020 Apr 8;69(8):1449–1459. doi: 10.1007/s00262-020-02556-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Expression of IDO, TDO and α-SMA and IDO in a serotonin-producing NET of the ileum. Illustrative images of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) expression in a serotonin-producing neuroendocrine tumour (NET) in ileum resection specimen. (a HE, 20×). Magnification of the submucosal NET (b HE, 200×). At lower magnification, IDO is not detectable (c, IDO, 20×) In higher magnification, a diffuse, strong brown intracytoplasmic, dot-like IDO expression (marked by arrows) is seen in tumour cells (d IDO, 1000×). TDO expression is visible in stromal cells surrounding the tumour cells (e TDO, 20× , f TDO, 200×). α-SMA is expressed in stromal cells (grey arrows) between tumour cells (black arrows) and has a stronger expression in areas with more TDO expression (g α-SMA, 20×, h α-SMA, 200×)