Table 3. Characteristics of patients transitioned to APRV (n=25) and HFOV (n=22).

Variablea	APRV (n=25)				HFOV (n=22)
	Survivors (n=15)	Nonsurvivors (n=10)	Pb		Survivors (n=16)	Nonsurvivors (n=6)	Pb
Age (M)	10.15±9.46	10.20±10.80	0.915		11.15±10.23	10.65±9.78	0.684
Before switch to APRV or HFOV
mPaw (cmH2O)	22.25±1.85	21.98±1.78	0.412		22.56±1.92	22.71±1.95	0.325
P/Fpre	133.82±11.78	134.78±12.86	0.176		127.19±17.85	128.21±18.64	0.161
OIpre	24.85±2.85	23.79±2.76	0.683		25.04±3.10	25.12±3.14	0.742
PaCO2	79.76±12.91	79.92±13.82	0.852		79.24±14.82	79.32±15.62	0.814
Lung disease (%)
Viral pneumonia	4 (26.7)	6 (60.0)	0.247		6 (37.5)	3 (50.0)	0.373
Bacterial pneumonia	4 (26.7)	2 (20.0)			4 (25.0)	1 (16.7)
Fungal pneumonia	2 (13.3)	0			1 (6.3)	1 (16.7)
Alveolar hemorrhage	0	1 (10.0)			0	1 (16.7)
Sepsis	3 (20.0)	0			4 (25)	0
Other	2 (13.3)	1 (10.0)			1 (6.3)	0
Vasopressor infusions (%)
<2	6 (40.0)	4 (40.0)	0.998		5 (31.3)	4 (66.7)	0.178
≥2	9 (60.0)	6 (60.0)			11 (68.8)	2 (33.3)
After 48 h of APRV or HFOV
mPaw (cmH2O)	22.65±1.62	27.42±1.51	0.016		21.73±1.49	28.18±1.59	0.013
PF48h	239.12±7.89	131±8.93	<0.001		243.27±14.36	138.47±16.38	<0.001
PF48h/PFpre	1.82±1.37	0.96±1.18	<0.01		1.92±1.53	1.08±1.02	<0.01
OI48h	13.47±2.05	27.79±1.93	<0.001		12.38±2.23	26.93±1.98	<0.001
OI48h/OIpre	0.54±0.13	1.16±0.97	<0.001		0.47±0.12	1.07±0.61	<0.001
PaCO2	65.13±7.92	68.61±9.12	0.247		59.28±4.91	63.26±5.27	0.254

^a, continuous data are in the form of median ± standard deviation, and categorical data are in the form of n (%). ^b, medians are compared using the Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for unpaired data. Categorical variables are compared using a Fisher exact test. mPaw, mean airway pressure; OI, oxygenation index; PF, PaO₂/FiO₂; APRV, airway pressure release ventilation; HFOV, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation; SIMV, synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation.