Table 2. Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Stress Cardiomyopathy.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre COVID-19 | COVID-19 [March-April 2020] (n = 20)a | |||||
| March-April 2018 (n = 6) | January-February 2019 (n = 5) | March-April 2019 (n = 12) | January-February 2020 (n = 5) | |||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 65 (57-67) | 60 (60-76) | 69 (57-74) | 56 (54-69) | 63 (57-73) | .92 |
| Men | 3 (50.0) | 0 | 3 (25.0) | 1 (20.0) | 7 (35.0) | .41 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension | 6 (100) | 5 (100) | 7 (58.3) | 5 (100) | 19 (95.0) | .01 |
| Diabetes | 1 (16.7) | 1 (20.0) | 4 (33.3) | 2 (40.0) | 3 (15.0) | .66 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 2 (33.3) | 2 (40.0) | 4 (33.3) | 4 (80.0) | 14 (70.0) | .14 |
| Coronary artery disease | 2 (33.3) | 3 (60.0) | 4 (33.3) | 0 | 5 (25.0) | .32 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0 | 2 (40.0) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (20.0) | 3 (15.0) | .24 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 2 (10.0) | .48 |
| Asthma or COPD | 2 (33.3) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 2 (10.0) | .45 |
| COVID-19 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | |
| Troponin level, median (IQR), ng/mL | ||||||
| Initial | 0.11 (0.01-0.81) | 0.40 (0.02-0.40) | 0.16 (0.08-1.97) | 0.50 (0.20-0.80) | 0.05 (0.01-0.11) | .16 |
| High sensitivity initial | NA | NA | NA | 540.0 (540.0-540.0) | 13.0 (11.5-21.5) | .18 |
| Peak | 1.02 (0.92-3.12) | 1.3 (0.06-1.30) | 1.30 (0.15-2.64) | 1.80 (1.20-2.10) | 0.30 (0.11-0.75) | .03 |
| High sensitivity peak | NA | NA | NA | 540.0 (540.0-540.0) | 33.0 (21.0-84.0) | .18 |
| Pro-BNP, median (IQR), pg/mL | 4822.0 (4221.0-5369.0) | 1313.0 (709.0-9730.0) | 587.5 (223.2-5934.2) | 3667.0 (3121.0-4988.0) | 2322.0 (1509.0-3666.0) | .33 |
| Ejection fraction, median (IQR) | 32 (30-36) | 30 (25-53) | 28 (25-31) | 30 (30-45) | 30 (25-35) | .55 |
| Ventriculogram, median (IQR) | NA | NA | 37.5 (36.3-38.8) | 15.0 (15.0-15.0) | 15.0 (13.8-21.3) | .36 |
| Mortality | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (20.0) | 1 (5.0) | .40 |
| 30-d rehospitalization | 1 (16.7) | 0 | 4 (36.4) | 1 (20.0) | 4 (22.2) | .59 |
| Hospital length of stay, median (IQR), d | 4 (3-4) | 5 (3-6) | 4 (4-8) | 5 (4-5) | 8 (6-9) | .006 |
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; pro-BNP, pro–brain-type natriuretic peptide.
SI conversion factors: To convert troponin to micrograms per liter, multiply by 1; BNP to nanograms per liter, multiply by 1.
a
Defined as March 1 to April 30, 2020.