Table 5.
Factors associated with cognition, expressive and receptive language components of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III (BSID III) raw scores assessed at 2 years (N 226*)
| Unadjusted beta coefficient | 95 % CI | P † | Adjusted beta coefficient | 95 % CI | P † | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognition | ||||||
| Sex | –0·1 | –0·9, 0·9 | 0·977 | –0·3 | –1·2, 0·6 | 0·529 |
| Mean body Fe‡ | 0·1 | –0·1, 0·2 | 0·131 | 0·1 | –0·1, 0·2 | 0·306 |
| Mean blood Pb§ | –0·1 | –0·2, –0·02 | 0·009 | –0·2 | –0·2, –0·03 | 0·009 |
| Mother’s IQ scores | 0·1 | –0·01, 0·06 | 0·203 | 0·01 | –0·03, 0·05 | 0·712 |
| WAMI | 1·5 | 0·5, 2·4 | 0·002 | 1·4 | 0·4, 2·4 | 0·006 |
| Expressive language | ||||||
| Sex | 1·7 | 0·5, 2·3 | 0·006 | 1·4 | 0·2, 2·7 | 0·020 |
| Mean body Fe‡ | 0·1 | –0·02, 0·3 | 0·111 | 0·04 | –0·1– 0·2 | 0·548 |
| Mean blood Pb§ | –0·2 | –0·3, –0·06 | 0·003 | –0·2 | –0·3, –0·1 | 0·006 |
| Mother’s IQ scores | 0·04 | –0·02, 0·09 | 0·64 | 0·1 | –0·5, 0·07 | 0·673 |
| WAMI | 1·6 | 0·3, 2·9 | 0·015 | 1·5 | 0·09, 2·8 | 0·036 |
| Receptive language | ||||||
| Sex | 0·4 | –0·2, 1·1 | 0·188 | 0·2 | –0·4, 0·9 | 0·473 |
| Mean body Fe‡ | 0·07 | –0·02, 0·2 | 0·125 | 0·03 | 0·05, 0·1 | 0·408 |
| Mean blood Pb§ | –0·04 | –0·1, 0·02 | 0·185 | –0·04 | –0·1, 0·02 | 0·205 |
| Mother’s IQ scores | 0·05 | 0·02, 0·08 | 0·001 | 0·04 | 0·01, 0·07 | 0·007 |
| WAMI | 0·8 | 0·6, 1·5 | 0·034 | 0·4 | –0·3, 1·1 | 0·294 |
IQ, intelligence quotient; WAMI, Water and sanitation, Assets, Maternal education and Income score for socio-economic status.
*
Of the 228 children who completed 2 years of follow-up, two subjects had missing data either in blood Pb levels or in development scores; hence, the linear model includes data for only 226 children.
†
Significant associations in unadjusted and adjusted analyses are presented in bold letters.
‡
Mean cumulative body Fe of 7, 15 and 24 months.
§
Mean cumulative blood Pb levels of 15 and 24 months.