Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| ASD (n = 43) | SPD (n = 44) | TYP (n = 46) | F | p-Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | |||
| Gender (Male: Female) | 39:4 | 38:6 | 39:7 | |||||
| Age (yrs.) | 10.21 | (1.63) | 9.98 | (1.62) | 10.32 | (1.44) | 0.54 | 0.59 |
| Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence | ||||||||
| Full-Scale IQ | 112.33 | (17.90) | 115.64 | (18.12) | 119.35 | (11.06) | 2.16 | 0.12 |
| Performance IQ | 114.91 | (14.33) | 113.02 | (16.80) | 115.28 | (13.12) | 0.297 | 0.74 |
| Verbal IQ | 107.33 | (21.21) | 114.75 | (18.07) | 119.11 | (11.19) | 5.29 | 0.006 a,c |
| Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule d | ||||||||
| Social Affect | 7.37 | (1.94) | 3.73 | (2.56) | 1.98 | (1.22) | 85.54 | <0.001 a,b,c |
| Restricted/Repetitive Behav. | 6.67 | (2.33) | 3.50 | (2.26) | 1.80 | (1.80) | 59.31 | <0.001 a,b,c |
| Comparison Score | 7.12 | (1.95) | 3.16 | (2.22) | 1.43 | (0.81) | 121.08 | <0.001 a,b,c |
| Child Sensory Profile 2 | ||||||||
| Avoidant | 55.53 | (14.50) | 58.57 | (14.82) | 26.93 | (7.43) | 86.18 | <0.001 a,b |
| Seeking | 42.02 | (16.47) | 51.05 | (14.62) | 22.74 | (7.32) | 53.38 | <0.001 a,b,c |
| Sensitive | 51.47 | (13.10) | 52.18 | (13.56) | 22.28 | (6.77) | 97.51 | <0.001 a,b |
| Bystander | 52.14 | (15.56) | 54.27 | (16.80) | 25.02 | (8.54) | 61.03 | <0.001 a,b |
| Auditory | 24.16 | (6.64) | 25.57 | (6.69) | 11.85 | (4.01) | 74.39 | <0.001 a,b |
| Body Position | 17.28 | (7.76) | 19.11 | (9.21) | 8.26 | (3.26) | 29.80 | <0.001 a,b |
| Movement | 15.65 | (7.42) | 18.27 | (6.79) | 8.13 | (3.32) | 33.99 | <0.001 a,b |
| Oral | 25.58 | (10.13) | 26.70 | (10.38) | 11.39 | (4.68) | 43.08 | <0.001 a,b |
| Touch | 20.77 | (9.81) | 25.73 | (9.63) | 10.91 | (4.10) | 37.96 | <0.001 a,b,c |
| Visual | 14.09 | (5.22) | 14.80 | (4.80) | 10.00 | (3.29) | 15.03 | <0.001 a,b |
| Attention Behavior | 26.63 | (6.59) | 26.73 | (7.29) | 11.50 | (4.58) | 89.26 | <0.001 a,b |
| Conduct Behavior | 22.81 | (7.97) | 25.52 | (7.30) | 11.78 | (4.22) | 54.03 | <0.001 a,b |
| Social Emotional Behavior | 41.44 | (11.43) | 43.20 | (12.84) | 19.43 | (5.91) | 72.78 | <0.001 a,b |
a Sig. Diff. between TYP and ASD; b Sig. Diff. between TYP and SPD; c Sig. Diff. between ASD and SPD; d All Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule data are presented as calibrated severity scores; ASD = children with Autism Spectrum Disorder; SPD = children with Sensory Processing Dysfunction; TYP = Typically Developing children.