| BMPs | Bone morphogenetics proteins |
| BMP-2 | Bone morphogenetic protein-2 |
| BMP-4 | Bone morphogenetic protein-4 |
| BOLCs | Breast osteoblast-like cells |
| CO | Calcium oxalate |
| EDX | Energy dispersive X-ray |
| EMT | Epithelial to mesenchymal transition |
| ER | Estrogen receptor |
| H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin |
| HA | Hydroxyapatite |
| Mg–Hap | Magnesium-substituted hydroxyapatite |
| nBMP-2 | Nuclear variant of bone morphogenetic protein-2 |
| OPN | Osteopontin |
| PI3K/Akt | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/protein kinase B |
| PTX3 | Pentraxin-related protein 3 |
| RANKL | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand |
| RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| SDF-1 | Stromal cell-derived factor |
| TEM | Transmission electron microscopy |