ATG—autophagy-related gene

c-CBL—casitas B-lineage lymphoma

CSN—COP9 (constitutive photomorphogenesis 9) signalosome

CTLH—C-terminal to LisH complex

DCM—dilated cardiomyopathy

DCN1—defective in cullin neddylation 1 protein

DCNLs—DCN1-like proteins

DSM—familial dilated cardiomyopathy

DUBs—deubiquitinases

EDMD—Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy

EFP—estrogen-responsive finger protein

EMT—epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

GABARAP—gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein

GABARAPL1—gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein like 1

HDFs—human dermal fibroblasts

HECT—homologous to the E6AP carboxyl terminus

HGPS—Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome

IAP—inhibitor of apoptosis

IF—intermediate filaments

INM—inner nuclear membrane

ISG15—interferon stimulated gene product 15

KAP1—Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-associated protein 1

LAP2α—lamina-associated polypeptide 2α

LC3—microtubule-associated protein a light chain

MDM2—murine double minute 2

NAE—NEDD8 activating enzyme

NE—nuclear envelope

NEDD8—neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8

NEDP1—NEDD8-specific protease 1 (also known as DEN1)

NLs—nuclear lamins

NLS—nuclear localization signal

PE—phosphatidylethanolamine

PIAS—protein inhibitor of activated STAT

PML—promyelocytic leukemia protein

pRb—retinoblastoma protein

PTMs—posttranslational modifications

RBR—RING-in-between-RING

RBX1/2—RING-box proteins 1 and 2

RING—really interesting new gene

Rmnd5a—required for meiotic nuclear division 5a

RNF—ring finger protein

ROC1—regulators of cullins 1

SCF—Skp1–Cullin–F-box proteins

SENP—Sentrin specific proteases

SIM—SUMO-interacting motif

SMURF2—Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 2

SUMO—small ubiquitin-related modifier

TRIM—tripartite motif-containing protein

UB—ubiquitin

UBA—ubiquitin-activating enzyme

UBC—ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme

UBL—ubiquitin-like

UFC1—ubiquitin-fold modifier conjugating enzyme 1

UFL1—UFM1 specific ligase 1

UFM1—ubiquitin-fold modifier 1

ULMs—ubiquitin-like modifiers

ULPs—ubiquitin-like peptidases

URM1—ubiquitin-related modifier 1

USP—ubiquitin specific peptidase