| Definition: | Abbreviation: |
| Two-dimensional | 2D |
| Three-dimensional | 3D |
| Atypical progeroid syndromes | APS |
| Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells | BMSCs |
| Bone morphogenetic protein 2 | BMP-2 |
| Bone sialo-protein | BSP |
| Circulating osteoprogenitors | COPs |
| Cluster of differentiation | CD |
| Dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 | DMP-1 |
| Extracellular Matrix | ECM |
| Human leucocyte antigen-DR | HLA-DR |
| Hutchinson-Gildford progeria syndrome | HGPS |
| Interleukin | IL |
| Linker of nucleus and cytoskeletonLow density lipoprotein | LINCLDL |
| Mandibuloacral dysplasia type A | MADA |
| Inner nuclear membrane proteinMegakaryoblastic leukaemia 1 | MAN-1MKL1 |
| Mesenchymal stem cells | MSCs |
| Mouse embryonic fibroblasts | MEFs |
| Nuclear envelope spectrin-repeat-containing proteins | Nesprins |
| Osteocalcin | OCN |
| Osteoprotegerin | OPG |
| Osterix | OSX |
| Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor | PPAR |
| Platelet-derived growth factors | PDGFs |
| Receptor activator of nuclear factor k-B ligand | RANKL |
| Retinoic acid | RA |
| Retinoic acid receptors | RAR |
| Run-t related transcription factor | RUNX2 |
| Serum response factor | SRF |
| Sry-related high-mobility group box 9 | SOX9 |
| Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif | TAZ |
| Transforming growth factor-β1 | TGF-β1 |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α | TNF-α |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor A | VEGFA |
| Yes-associated protein | YAP |