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. 2020 May 31;10(6):335. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10060335

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Suppressive effect of the sex hormone on expressions of pro-inflammatory genes in cultured macrophages or neutrophils. RAW264.7 cells (a) or HL-60 cells (b) were pre-treated with β-estradiol (E2, 50 µg/mL) or 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 50 µg/mL) for 24 h or 3 h, respectively. Cells were then stimulated with vehicle (Veh), LPS (dose) or TNF-α (dose) for an additional 60 min. Expressions of pro-inflammatory genes were examined by quantitative RT-PCR analyses. Bars indicate the mean ± SEM (n = 4). Statistical analysis was done by a Tukey-Kramer method. *; p < 0.05, **; p < 0.01, ***; p < 0.001. n.s.; statistically not significant.