Figure 2.

Flow diagram for viral vector and plasmid manufacture. The process of viral production relies on the vector production by stable producer cell lines in the case of retroviral vectors or by transient cell line transfection for lentiviruses. The viral supernatant undergoes concentration, purification and formulation steps. *Benzonase treatment applies only to lentiviral vectors. For plasmid production, initially the E Coli master cell bank of the intended plasmid is produced, from which plasmid replication is promoted by fermentation. After cell lysis, the pre-purification step can be performed by means of filtration, precipitation or solid–liquid separation, followed by the purification and formulation phases. Created with Biorender.com