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Role of DPP4 in cancer biology. In normal diabetic epithelial cells, DPP4 is highly expressed and is associated with lower levels of the CXCL12/CXCR4/mTOR/EMT axis. Inhibition of DPP4 induces TGF-β- independent activation of CXCL12/CXCR4/mTOR/EMT axis, promotes the formation of cancer-associated fibroblasts and accelerates cancer metastasis.
