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. 2020 Jun 12;21(12):4194. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124194

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Effect of UV treatment on bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) adsorption ability of titanium. (A) Adsorption rates (means ± standard deviation) of bovine plasma BMP-2 after 1 min, 1 h, 1 day, and 3 days of incubation on control and UV-treated (UV) surfaces (n = 3). (B) Initial cellular attachment to titanium surfaces. A 1-min adsorption protocol was used. Rat bone marrow-derived osteoblasts attached to the control and UV-treated titanium disks were evaluated by WST-1 assay after 24 h of seeding. Fluorescence micrographs of osteoblasts cultured on control- and UV-treated titanium surfaces after 24 h of seeding. Representative images of cells stained with rhodamine-phalloidin for actin (red: cytoskeleton protein) and an antibody to vinculin (green: focal adhesion-related protein) are presented. Scale bar = 300 µm. Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation from triplicate experiments (n = 3). Asterisks indicate significant differences (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Welch’s t-test).