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. 2020 Jun 24;9(6):1538. doi: 10.3390/cells9061538

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme of NG2/CSPG4 expression in CNS cytogenesis and gliomagenesis. (A) Scheme representing the expression of the NG2 marker during normal neurogenesis and the different cell fates of NG2-glia. Canonically, NG2-glia (NG2+ glial restricted progenitors) has the capability to proliferate and differentiate into oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), then giving rise to oligodendrocytes in the immature and mature brain. However, NG2-glia can also differentiate into astrocytes. Additionally, in vitro, NG2-glia can differentiate into type-2 astrocytes through the O2A progenitor cells. (B) NG2+ cells can also be considered as potential cells for the origin of malignant glioma. During tumorigenesis, the glioma stem cell is believed to derive from the transformation of neural stem cells or from the dedifferentiation and transformation of NG2+ glial restricted progenitors, OPCs, or mature cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes). The arising tumor cells show potential for self-renewal and express markers associated with both stem and progenitor cell types [85].