Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for the participants with and without carotid atherosclerosis.
| Withoutcarotid atherosclerosis (N = 7057) | With carotid atherosclerosis (N = 5779) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| H. pylori infection, n (%) | 2348 (33.3%) | 2079 (36.0%) | 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 41.7 ± 7.7 | 54.0 ± 9.5 | 0.000 |
| Male, n (%) | 4347 (61.6%) | 3810 (65.9%) | 0.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 ± 3.5 | 25.1 ± 3.2 | 0.000 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.891 ± 0.073 | 0.915 ± 0.062 | 0.000 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121.4 ± 15.5 | 133.1 ± 18.6 | 0.000 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.3 ± 12.0 | 83.1 ± 12.1 | 0.000 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1482 (21.0%) | 2699 (46.7%) | 0.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1369 (19.4%) | 2092 (36.2%) | 0.000 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 1750 (24.8%) | 2231 (38.6%) | 0.000 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 2865 (40.6%) | 2456 (42.5%) | 0.031 |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 3057 (43.3%) | 3230 (55.9%) | 0.000 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 176 (2.5%) | 220 (3.8%) | 0.000 |
| Family history of CHD, n (%) | 816 (11.6%) | 701 (12.1%) | 0.067 |
| ALT (U/L) | 30.0 ± 23.0 | 28.8 ± 20.0 | 0.051 |
| AST (U/L) | 24.0 ± 11.0 | 24.5 ± 10.4 | 1.000 |
| Serum total bilirubin (umol/L) | 15.4 ± 5.6 | 15.6 ± 5.5 | 0.697 |
| Serum total protein (g/L) | 72.8 ± 4.4 | 72.4 ± 4.4 | 0.370 |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | 46.7 ± 2.8 | 45.7 ± 2.9 | 0.476 |
| A/G | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 0.969 |
| Seroglobulin (g/L) | 26.1 ± 3.6 | 26.7 ± 3.9 | 0.890 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 4.6 ± 1.2 | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 1.000 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 68.8 ± 15.5 | 72.0 ± 29.5 | 0.500 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 317.7 ± 96.0 | 331.6 ± 92.2 | 0.346 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.01 ± 0.97 | 5.31 ± 1.05 | 0.000 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 2.00 ± 2.07 | 2.12 ± 1.95 | 0.014 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.46 ± 0.38 | 1.42 ± 0.37 | 0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.66 ± 0.83 | 2.95 ± 0.89 | 0.000 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 0.200 |
Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%), where appropriate. A/G: serum albumin/seroglobulin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate transaminase; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; SBP: systolic blood pressure.