Figure 5.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) gene expression in vaccinated and challenged birds. Cecal tonsils collected on the day of necropsy were analyzed for the expression of TLR mRNA by qRT-PCR. The fold changes of (A) TLR 1, (B) TLR 2, (C) TLR 3, and (D) TLR 7. Fold change in gene expression was calculated after correcting for β-actin mRNA value and normalizing to mRNA content of mock group as 1. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of 6 to 13 birds per group. Significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test between each of the groups. Only significant differences are labelled in the figures (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001).