| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| RNS | Reactive nitrogen species |
| MAD | Malonic dialdehyde |
| MGE | Mobile genetic elements |
| BER | Base excision repair |
| NER | Nucleotide excision repair |
| MMR | Mismatch repair |
| DSBR | Repair of double-strand breaks |
| NHEJ | Non-homologous end joining |
| HR | Homologous recombination |
| DNA-PK | DNA-dependent protein kinase |
| DNMT | DNA methyltransferase |
| TET | Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase |
| HDAC | Histone deacetylase |
| HAT | Histone acetyltransferase |
| SASP | Senescence-associated secretory phenotype |
| PARP | Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase |
| NAD+ | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |