Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to the treatment arms.
| Resveratrol (n = 30) |
Placebo (n = 30) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 65.8 ± 1.9 | 67.5 ± 2.1 |
| Male | 22 (73%) | 21 (70%) |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 30.06 ± 1.04 | 31.70 ± 1.27 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 2998 ± 507 | 3139 ± 446 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 99.77 ± 4.42 | 104.47 ± 4.82 |
| Sys. BP (mmHg) | 132.47 ± 3.4 | 128.77 ± 3.8 |
| Dias. BP (mmHg) | 79.1 ± 2.33 | 80.13 ± 2.66 |
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 72.2 ± 2.75 | 76.93 ± 2.5 |
| Etiological factors | ||
| Ischemic heart disease | 17 (56.7%) | 17 (56.7%) |
| Nonischemic (alcohol, chemotherapy, and myocarditis) | 13 (43.3%) | 13 (43.3%) |
| Risk factors, comorbidities | ||
| Hypertension | 22 (73%) | 23 (76%) |
| Diabetes | 13 (43%) | 14 (46%) |
| Smoking | 11 (36%) | 8 (27%) |
| Pulmonary diseases (asthma, COPD) | 7 (23%) | 8 (27%) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.3 ± 0.9 | 30.4 ± 1.3 |
| Target heart rate (>70/min) | 23 (76.7%) | 20 (66.7%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 7 (23%) | 10 (33.3%) |
| Concomitant treatment | ||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 28 (93%) | 29 (97%) |
| Beta-blocker | 29 (97%) | 28 (93%) |
| MRA | 23 (76.7%) | 21 (70%) |
| Ivabradine | 6 (20%) | 6 (20%) |
| Diuretics | ||
| Loop diuretics (furosemide, etacrynic acid) | 27 (90%) | 28 (93%) |
| Thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics (hypothiazide, indapamide, etc.) | 8 (27%) | 9 (30%) |
| Device therapy | ||
| CRT-P/D | 9 (30%) | 7 (23.2%) |
| ICD | 4 (13%) | 3 (10%) |
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to the treatment arms. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. There were no significant differences in characteristics between RES- (resveratrol-) and placebo-treated groups at baseline. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT-P/D: cardiac resynchronization therapy-pacemaker/defibrillator; Dias. BP: diastolic blood pressure; ICD: implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NT-proBNP: N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; Sys. BP: systolic blood pressure.