Table 1.

Fungal pattern recognition receptors and their ligands.

	Pattern Recognition Receptor	Ligand	Reference
CLR a	Dectin-1	β-(1,3)-glucan	[8]
	Dectin-2	High mannose	[9]
	Dectin-2/Dectin-3	α-mannan	[10]
	Mannose receptor	N-linked mannan	[11]
	Mannose receptor	Chitin	[12]
	Mincle b	α-mannan	[13]
	Galectin-3	β-(1,2)-mannoside	[14]
	DC-SIGN	N-linked mannan	[15]
Others	NOD-2 c	Chitin	[12]
TLR d	TLR-2	Phospholipomannan	[16]
	TLR-2	β-(1,6)-glucan	[11]
	TLR-4	O-linked mannans	[11]
	TLR-7	ssRNAe	[17]
	TLR-9	CpG DNA	[18]
	TLR-9	Chitin	[12]

Note: Some of the pattern recognition receptors and ligands that are involved in innate resistance to fungal infections. The biological responses elicited by receptor–ligand binding are discussed in the text. ^a C-type lectin receptors; ^b Macrophage inducible Ca²⁺-dependent lectin receptor; ^c Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2; ^d Toll-like receptors; ^e Single stranded RNA.