Table 2.
Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, drinking patterns and signals and symptoms of alcoholic patients infected (n = 187) and noninfected (n = 964) with S. stercoralis.
| Characteristics | S. stercoralis Infection | Total % (n) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive % (n) | Negative% (n) | ||
| Age mean (years) | 44.8 ± 8.1 | 45.1 ± 9.9 | 45.1 ± 9.7 |
| Residence | |||
| Salvador | 80.7 (151) | 72.5 (699) | 73.8 (850) |
| Other metropolitan cities | 19.3 (36) | 27.5 (265) | 26.1 (301) |
| Tobacco smoker | 70.0 (114) | 60.8 (586) | 60.8 (700) |
| Education level | |||
| None | 5.3 (10) | 3.5 (34) | 3.8 (44) |
| Elementary school | 81.8 (153) | 76.0 (733) | 80.0 (886) |
| High school | 12.3 (23) | 18.7 (180) | 17.6 (203) |
| College | 0.5 (1) | 1.7 (16) | 1.5 (17) |
| Monthly income | |||
| ≤1 minimal wage † | 74.9 (140) | 69.9 (674) | 70.7 (814) |
| 2 to 3 minimal wages | 24.1 (45) | 27.5 (265) | 26.9 (310) |
| 4 or more minimal wages ‡ | 0.1 (2) | 2.6 (25) | 2.3 (27) |
| Sanitary conditions | |||
| None (homeless) | 0.1 (2) | 0.5 (5) | 0.6 (7) |
| Sewage system | 89.8 (168) | 87.8 (846) | 88.1(1014) |
| Paved streets | 89.3 (167) | 87.7 (845) | 87.9 (1012) |
| Daily garbage collection | 85.0 (159) | 80.0 (770) | 80.7 (929) |
| Potable water | 96.8 (181) | 94.5 (911) | 94.8 (1092) |
| Bathroom at home | 95.7 (179) | 95.4 (920) | 95.5 (1099) |
| Drinking habits● | |||
| Everyday | 87.7 (164) | 87.0 (839) | 87.1 (1003) |
| 1 to 4 times/week | 4.8 (9) | 6.3 (61) | 6.1 (70) |
| Over the weekend | 6.9 (13) | 5.8 (56) | 6.0 (69) |
| 1 to 3 times/month | 0.5 (1) | 0.7 (7) | 0.7 (8) |
| Alcohol intake (years) ‡ ▪ | |||
| ≤10 | 22.9 (25) * | 7.8 (55) | 9.7 (80) |
| 11 to 20 | 21.1 (23) | 38.9 (276) | 36.5 (299) |
| >21 | 56.0 (61) | 53.4 (379) | 53.7 (440) |
| Type of drinks ‡ | |||
| Beer | 15.6 (17) | 13.9 (99) | 14.2 (116) |
| Distilled | 85.6 (90) | 85.1 (604) | 84.7 (694) |
| Other | 1.8 (2) | 0.7 (7) | 1.1 (9) |
| Signs and symptoms ‡ | |||
| Diarrhea | 9.2 (10) | 9.2 (65) | 9.2 (75) |
| Constipation | 1.8 (2) | 1.3 (9) | 1.3 (11) |
| Abdominal pain | 9.2 (10) | 9.2 (65) | 9.2 (75) |
| Nausea | 0.9 (1) | 1.7 (12) | 1.6 (13) |
| Vomiting | 2.8 (3) | 4.8 (34) | 4.5 (37) |
| Breathing Difficulties | 1.8 (2) | 0.3 (2) | 0.5 (4) |
† Brazilian minimal wage is approximately USD $200.00. ‡ For these parameters, the number of patients analyzed was 109 for infected and 710 for non-infected alcoholic patients. * p < 0.05. ● It refers to the drinking pattern of any alcohol beverage. ▪ This refers to how long the patient has been drinking alcohol, regardless of type and quantity.