Figure 1.

KPC microbiome exhibits clustering between 1 and 6 months, compared with control microbiome with 16s rRNA pyrosequencing. Various alpha-diversity indices were measured for the two genotypes and two time points. (A) Shannon’s H index was similar between the age groups and genotypes, whereas (B) Chao1 index, (C) Faith’s phylogenetic diversity and (D) observed OTU indices were significantly down in 6-month-old KPC animals, compared with age-matched control animals. Bray–Curtis principal co-ordinate analysis showed that (E) control animals did not form distinct clusters between 1 and 6 months of age, whereas (F) KPC animals for a distinct cluster at 6-month age, compared with 1-month-old animals. This difference, however, was not statistically significant (P = 0.056) with two-tailed test of significance with Bonferroni correction (n = 6–8 per group).