Table 1.
Characteristics and presentation of patients with dialysis-dependent ESKD and COVID-19 admitted to a single center in New York City by vital status
| Characteristic | n (Column %) or Median (IQR) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Still Living | Deceased | ||
| n | 59 | 41 (69%) | 18 (31%) | |
| Demographics on admission | ||||
| Age, yr | 63 (56–78) | 62 (54–73) | 75 (61–81) | 0.04 |
| Men | 33 (56) | 23 (56) | 10 (56) | 0.99 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 11 (19) | 7 (17) | 4 (22) | 0.86 |
| Black | 15 (25) | 11 (27) | 4 (22) | |
| Other/no answer | 33 (56) | 23 (56) | 10 (56) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 44 (75) | 31 (76) | 13 (72) | 0.76 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 7 (5–8) | 7 (5–8) | 8 (6–10) | 0.03 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, n=57 | 25.2 (22.5–29.5) | 25 (22.5–30.3) | 27.7 (21.8–29.2) | 0.74 |
| Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, n=57 | 31 (54) | 21/41 (51) | 10/16 (63) | 0.56 |
| Hypertension | 58 (98) | 41 (100) | 17 (94) | 0.31 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 41 (69) | 29 (71) | 12 (67) | 0.77 |
| Coronary artery disease | 27 (46) | 17 (41) | 10 (56) | 0.40 |
| Pulmonary disease | 10 (17) | 8 (20) | 2 (11) | 0.71 |
| Smoker | ||||
| Current | 2 (3) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.20 |
| Former | 17 (29) | 9 (22) | 8 (44) | |
| Prior kidney transplant | 5 (8) | 4 (10) | 1 (6) | 0.99 |
| ACEi or ARB use | 13 (22) | 10 (24) | 3 (17) | 0.74 |
| Statin use | 43 (73) | 29 (71) | 14 (78) | 0.75 |
| Dialysis access | ||||
| AVF/AVG | 47 (80) | 32 (78) | 15 (83) | 0.63 |
| Dialysis catheter | 10 (17) | 7 (17) | 3 (17) | |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 2 (3) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| COVID-19 presentation | ||||
| Symptom onset to admission, d, n=48a | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–6) | 0.38 |
| Admitted after extended dialysis break, n=57b | 9/57 (16) | 7 (18) | 2 (11) | 0.70 |
| Presenting symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 29 (49) | 20 (49) | 9 (50) | 0.58 |
| Cough | 23 (39) | 17 (41) | 6 (33) | 0.39 |
| Dyspnea (exertional or rest) | 21 (36) | 14 (34) | 7 (39) | 0.77 |
| Fatigue/malaise | 13 (22) | 9 (22) | 4 (22) | 0.99 |
| Gastrointestinal | 9 (15) | 6 (15) | 3 (17) | 0.99 |
| Chills | 6 (10) | 5 (12) | 1 (6) | 0.40 |
| Myalgia | 4 (7) | 3 (7) | 1 (6) | 0.64 |
| Altered mentation | 5 (8) | 5 (12) | 0 (0) | 0.31 |
| None of the above symptoms | 3 (5) | 1 (2) | 2 (11) | 0.22 |
| Predominant initial CXR findings | ||||
| Multifocal/bilateral opacities | 35 (59) | 26 (63) | 9 (50) | 0.18 |
| No acute findings | 11 (19) | 8 (20) | 3 (17) | |
| Unilateral opacity | 6 (10) | 3 (7) | 3 (17) | |
| Pleural effusion | 4 (7) | 1 (2) | 3 (17) | |
| Pulmonary edema | 3 (5) | 3 (7) | 0 (0) | |
Pulmonary disease includes asthma (n=4), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=2), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (n=1), lung cancer (n=2), and unspecified restrictive lung disease (n=1). Patients were considered to have been admitted after an extended (i.e., 2-day) dialysis break if they received outpatient dialysis Monday/Wednesday/Friday and were admitted on a Sunday or if they received outpatient dialysis Tuesday/Thursday/Saturday and were admitted on a Monday. ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AVF, arteriovenous fistula; AVG, arteriovenous graft; CXR, chest X-ray.
Nine patient records were missing these data or patient was unsure.
Two patients on peritoneal dialysis were not included.