miR-204-5p is downregulated in kidneys of patients with hypertension, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, or diabetic nephropathy. miR-204-5p abundance was measured in human kidney biopsy specimens using quantitative PCR or detected using ISH. (A) Renal miR-204-5p abundance in hypertension and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. n=10 for control, n=8 for hypertension, and n=32 for hypertensive nephrosclerosis. *P<0.05, versus control, one-way ANOVA followed by Holm–Šidák post hoc test. (B) Renal miR-204-5p abundance in diabetic nephropathy. n=7 for control and n=10 for diabetic nephropathy. *P<0.05, versus control, t test. (C) Representative ISH images in kidney biopsy from a control subject. Zoomed-in images with miR-204-5p probe show miR-204-5p expression in a glomerulus and tubules. Scale bar, 100 μm.