. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Soc Forces. 2019 Jul 10;98(4):1744–1772. doi: 10.1093/sf/soz096

Table 4:

Linear regression models predicting men’s log monthly earnings

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7
Black identification
Black	−0.002	0.051^**	0.038^**	0.063^**	0.043^**	0.037^*	0.037^**
Black	(0.011)	(0.011)	(0.011)	(0.011)	(0.011)	(0.018)	(0.011)
Partly black	−0.010	0.020	0.010	0.025	0.019	0.014	0.018
Partly black	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.020)	(0.016)
Proportion blacks in municipality					0.553^**	0.553^**	0.517^**
Proportion blacks in municipality					(0.038)	(0.038)	(0.036)
Indigenous identification
Indigenous		−0.132^**		−0.071^**	−0.070^**	−0.070^**	−0.058^**
Indigenous		(0.003)		(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Partly indigenous		−0.021^**		−0.009	−0.009	−0.009	−0.005
Partly indigenous		(0.008)		(0.008)	(0.008)	(0.008)	(0.008)
Interaction
Black and indigenous						0.009
Black and indigenous						(0.019)
Age	0.008^**	0.008^**	0.008^**	0.008^**	0.008^**	0.008^**	0.006^**
Age	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)
Years of education	0.088^**	0.086^**	0.081^**	0.080^**	0.080^**	0.080^**	0.052^**
Years of education	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)
Urbanization
2,500 to 14,999 residents			0.098^**	0.097^**	0.096^**	0.096^**	0.049^**
2,500 to 14,999 residents			(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.003)
15,000 a 49,999 residents			0.148^**	0.143^**	0.143^**	0.143^**	0.073^**
15,000 a 49,999 residents			(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
50,000 a 99,999 residents			0.188^**	0.183^**	0.182^**	0.182^**	0.100^**
50,000 a 99,999 residents			(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
100,000 and more residents			0.253^**	0.246^**	0.244^**	0.244^**	0.152^**
100,000 and more residents			(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)	(0.003)
Regions
Northwest			0.230^**	0.217^**	0.232^**	0.232^**	0.235^**
Northwest			(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.005)
Northeast			0.185^**	0.171^**	0.183^**	0.183^**	0.173^**
Northeast			(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.005)	(0.005)	(0.004)
Center			0.108^**	0.099^**	0.107^**	0.107^**	0.096^**
Center			(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Center-west			0.178^**	0.166^**	0.180^**	0.180^**	0.171^**
Center-west			(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Occupations
Occupation fixed-effects							yes
Constant	7.454^**	7.502^**	7.234^**	7.270^**	7.254^**	7.254^**	7.693^**
Constant	(0.006)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.008)
R-squared	0.2692	0.2747	0.2988	0.3007	0.3010	0.3010	0.3757
N	709,317	700,580	709,317	700,580	700,580	700,580	700,580

p<.05

^**

p<.01 (two-tailed tests)