Table 1. Carbon sequestration rates of PVs.

PV Category	PV production system type	Sample species or system	Sequestration rate MgC/ha/yr	Source
Woody perennial crops	Orchard and plantation; full-sized woody plants for flowers, fruits, and unripe seeds	Convert cropland to orchard	3.5	[54]
		Olea europaea	2.6	[55]
		Bactris gasipaes	5.1	[56]
		Dacryodes edulis	7.8	[57]
		Tree crops–temperate	2.1	[58]
		Tree crops–tropical	1.8–10.0	[58]
	Bamboo for shoot production	Bamboo plantations	6.0–13.0	[59]
	Coppiced woody plants for edible leaves	Fodder tree blocks	0.1–0.5	[54]
		Short rotation coppice	1.18	[60]
	Average sequestration rate		3.71
Perennial vines and herbaceous crops	Perennial vines	Vitis vinifera	0.3–0.8	[61]
	Robust perennial herbs (over 2m height)	Giant biomass grasses	1	[62]
		Perennial grains	0.3–0.5	[63]
	Ordinary perennial herbs (under 2m height)	Residential landscape with herbaceous perennials	0.0–0.1	[64]
	Average sequestration rate		0.43