Table 2. Incidence rate of severe pneumothorax among patients who underwent percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy of the lung.
| Characteristics | Total | No. of events | IR % (95% CI) | Men | No. of events | IR % (95% CI) | Women | No. of events | IR % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 56,509 | 1,145 | 2.4 (2.15, 2.73) | 36,957 | 907 | 2.9 (2.55, 3.21) | 19,552 | 238 | 1.4 (1.14, 1.69) |
| Age group | |||||||||
| 20–49 | 4,589 | 54 | 1.6 (1.11, 2.06) | 2,321 | 26 | 1.5 (0.87, 2.17) | 2,268 | 28 | 1.4 (0.88, 2.01) |
| 50–59 | 10,170 | 142 | 1.6 (1.23, 1.93) | 5,979 | 102 | 1.9 (1.48, 2.41) | 4,191 | 40 | 1.0 (0.66, 1.25) |
| 60–69 | 16,615 | 329 | 2.4 (2.02, 2.82) | 11,450 | 276 | 2.9 (2.39, 3.33) | 5,165 | 53 | 1.1 (0.75, 1.54) |
| 70–79 | 19,741 | 485 | 2.7 (2.31, 3.02) | 13,751 | 402 | 3.1 (2.68, 3.53) | 5,990 | 83 | 1.5 (1.11, 1.92) |
| 80+ | 5,394 | 135 | 2.6 (2.05, 3.19) | 3,456 | 101 | 3.1 (2.40, 3.89) | 1,938 | 34 | 1.8 (1.09, 2.44) |
| Insurance status | |||||||||
| Health insurance | 52,876 | 1,050 | 2.4 (2.13, 2.71) | 34,789 | 838 | 2.8 (2.51, 3.17) | 18,087 | 212 | 1.4 (1.1, 1.67) |
| Medical Aid, VHS | 3,633 | 95 | 2.6 (2.03, 3.18) | 2,168 | 69 | 3.2 (2.37, 4.02) | 1,465 | 26 | 1.7 (1.13, 2.36) |
| Guidancea | |||||||||
| CT guidance | 31,589 | 673 | 2.5 (2.13, 2.86) | 20683 | 531 | 2.9 (2.48, 3.29) | 10906 | 142 | 1.5 (1.09, 1.91) |
| Fluoroscopy guidance | 18,724 | 331 | 2.1 (1.68, 2.50) | 12,175 | 264 | 2.6 (2.02, 3.1) | 6,549 | 67 | 1.2 (0.79, 1.59) |
| Year | |||||||||
| 2009 | 6,545 | 152 | 2.6 (2.04, 3.23) | 4,350 | 116 | 2.9 (2.19, 3.56) | 2,195 | 36 | 2.0 (1.12, 2.78) |
| 2010 | 6,910 | 175 | 2.7 (2.13, 3.36) | 4,611 | 146 | 3.4 (2.62, 4.09) | 2,299 | 29 | 1.3 (0.76, 1.89) |
| 2011 | 7,956 | 149 | 2.1 (1.61, 2.57) | 5,205 | 122 | 2.6 (1.97, 3.14) | 2,751 | 27 | 1.1 (0.61, 1.53) |
| 2012 | 8,631 | 153 | 2.1 (1.63, 2.51) | 5,556 | 123 | 2.5 (1.96, 3.05) | 3,075 | 30 | 1.0 (0.63, 1.39) |
| 2013 | 8,557 | 146 | 1.9 (1.51, 2.22) | 5,543 | 108 | 2.1 (1.68, 2.61) | 3,014 | 38 | 1.3 (0.84, 1.74) |
| 2014 | 8,912 | 194 | 2.4 (1.86, 2.85) | 5,801 | 157 | 2.9 (2.30, 3.49) | 3,111 | 37 | 1.3 (0.75, 1.76) |
| 2015 | 8,998 | 176 | 2.4 (1.87, 2.95) | 5,891 | 135 | 2.7 (2.07, 3.37) | 3,107 | 41 | 1.6 (0.93, 2.21) |
| Comorbidities | |||||||||
| COPD | 26,889 | 647 | 2.9 (2.53, 3.23) | 18,828 | 534 | 3.4 (2.96, 3.79) | 8,061 | 113 | 1.5 (1.17, 1.91) |
| PE | 2,765 | 51 | 2.0 (1.38, 2.59) | 1,801 | 39 | 2.4 (1.57, 3.18) | 964 | 12 | 1.2 (0.57, 1.90) |
| CCI score | |||||||||
| 0 | 11,734 | 216 | 2.1 (1.68, 2.46) | 7,162 | 166 | 2.5 (2.05, 3.02) | 4,572 | 50 | 1.2 (0.77, 1.58) |
| 1 | 11,200 | 242 | 2.3 (1.92, 2.75) | 7,286 | 203 | 2.9 (2.41, 3.47) | 3,914 | 39 | 1.1 (0.69, 1.45) |
| 2 | 10,814 | 225 | 2.6 (2.12, 3.06) | 6,919 | 170 | 2.9 (2.39, 3.48) | 3,895 | 55 | 1.7 (1.14, 2.19) |
| 3+ | 22,761 | 462 | 2.3 (2.00, 2.69) | 15,590 | 368 | 2.7 (2.31, 3.09) | 7,171 | 94 | 1.4 (1.03, 1.83) |
| Lung surgery | |||||||||
| Yes | 1,113 | 14 | 1.6 (0.63, 2.54) | 804 | 8 | 1.2 (0.28, 2.11) | 309 | 6 | 2.2 (0.11, 4.38) |
| Region | |||||||||
| Seoul metropolitan area | 35,272 | 522 | 2.1 (1.74, 2.40) | 22,559 | 409 | 2.4 (2.01, 2.70) | 12,713 | 113 | 1.2 (0.86, 1.54) |
| Urban area | 11,843 | 409 | 3.3 (2.70, 3.93) | 7,898 | 323 | 4.0 (3.29, 4.71) | 3,945 | 86 | 1.9 (1.35, 2.49) |
| Rural area | 9,394 | 214 | 2.3 (1.79, 2.86) | 6,500 | 175 | 2.8 (2.13, 3.45) | 2,894 | 39 | 1.3 (0.83, 1.82) |
| Medical care institution | |||||||||
| Superior general hospital | 38,775 | 716 | 2.0 (1.65, 2.38) | 25,208 | 571 | 2.5 (2.03, 2.90) | 13,567 | 145 | 1.2 (0.82, 1.53) |
| General hospital | 17,734 | 429 | 2.7 (2.33, 3.10) | 11,749 | 336 | 3.2 (2.69, 3.64) | 5,985 | 93 | 1.7 (1.30, 2.13) |
IR: incidence rate, VHS: Veterans Health Service, CT: computed tomography, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PE: pleural effusion, CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index.
a The categories of type of guidance were not mutually exclusive.