. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Surg Educ. 2020 Feb 5;77(4):969–977. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.01.002

Table 3.

Phase-I Global Assessment scores for individual categories and aggregate scores.

Global Assessment Categories:	VR	SG	p-value
Time and Motion	3.6	2.4	0.003 *
Instrument handling	3.4	1.8	0.002 *
Knowledge of instruments	3.3	1.1	0.0002 *
Flow of operation & forward planning	3.5	1.1	0.0002 *
Knowledge of specific procedure	3.7	1.1	0.0002 *
Aggregate Score	17.5	7.5	0.0004 *

Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test with Bonferroni correction, significance set at p = 0.008 Results were significant in all categories.