Table 4.
Bland-Altman agreement of validation studies.
| Device, study, subgroup | HRa, mean difference (Limits of Agreement) | RRb, mean difference (Limits of Agreement) | Tc, mean difference (Limits of Agreement) | SpO2d, mean difference (Limits of Agreement) | BP syste, mean difference (Limits of Agreement) | BP diastf, mean difference (Limits of Agreement) | |
| VitalPatch, Selvaraj et al, 2018 [43] | 0.4 (–8.7/9.5) | –1.8 (–10.1/6.5) | —g | — | — | — | |
| HealthPatch, Chan et al, 2013 [65] | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HealthPatch, Breteler et al, 2018 [42] | −1.1 (−8.8/6.5) | −2.3 (−15.8/11.2) | — | — | — | — | |
| HealthPatch, Weenk et al, 2017 [59] | –1.52 (–12.55/9.51) | –0.64 (10.32/9.04) | — | — | — | — | |
| ViSi Mobile, Weenk et al, 2017 [59] | –0.2 (–11.06/10.66) | 1.19 (–5.53/7.91) | — | 0.10 (–3.13/3.33) | 0.44 (–23.06/23.94) | –8.00 (–27.46/11.46) | |
| SensiumVitals, Hernandez-Silveira et al, 2015 [63] |
|
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|
|
Surgical patients | –0.5 (–3.97/2.97) | 0.4 (–6.3/7.1) | — | — | — | — |
|
|
Cardiovascular disorders (low voltage/variable QRS morphology) | 0.97 (–3.73/5.67) | –1.4 (–10.8/8.0) | — | — | — | — |
|
|
Cardiovascular disorders (atrial fibrillation) | –1.0 (–8.0/6.0) | –1.0 (–9.4/7.0) | — | — | — | — |
|
|
Metabolic disorders | 0.9 (–3.5/5.3) | –0.4 (–11.4/10.6) | — | — | — | — |
|
|
Diabetes | –0.02 (–6.98/7.02) | 0.1 (–7.7/7.9) | — | — | — | — |
| SensiumVitals, Hernandez-Silveira et al, 2015 [61] | –0.23 (–0.61/0.15) | –0.43 (–6.10/5.20) | — | — | — | — | |
| SensiumVitals, Downey et al, 2019 [64] | 1.85 (–23.92/20.22) | 2.93 (–8.19/14.05) | 0.82 (–1.13/2.78) | — | — | — | |
| Zephyr BioPatch, Boatin et al, 2016 [47]h | 1.6 (–11.6/14.8) - 4.2 (–4.4/22.8) | 0.7 (–4.7/6.1) - 4.2 (–1.9/10.3) | 0.02 (–1.48/1.52) - 0.5 (–1.3/2.3) | — | — | — | |
| Zephyr BioPatch, Kim et al, 2012 [48] | 0.5 (–15.3/16.3) | –0.6 (–5.6/4.4) | — | — | — | — | |
| Wavelet Wristband, Dur et al, 2019 [52] | –0.3 (–2.6/1.9) | 1.0 (–3.0/4.0) | — | — | — | — | |
| Biosensor, Li et al, 2019 [57] | — | 3.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| Equivital EQ02, Liu et al, 2013 [55]i | 1.2 (–5.4/7.8) | 0.2 (–2.2/2.6) | 0.59 (–0.29/1.47; skin) -0.1 (–0.32/0.12; core) |
— | — | — | |
aHR: heart rate.
bRR: respiratory rate.
cT: temperature.
dSpO2: oxygen saturation.
eBP syst: systolic blood pressure.
fBP diast: diastolic blood pressure.
gNot available.
hThis study reported the 25th and 75th percentile.
iThis study reported the Bland-Altman agreement of two types of temperature: skin and core temperature.