Table 3.
Demographics characteristics in the longitudinal subgroup.
| PD patients at baseline (51) | PD patients at follow-up (51) | Controls (70) | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | D | ||||
| Age | 60.49 ± 8.19 | 62.45 ± 8.11 | 59.76 ± 7.63 | 0.179 | - | - | - |
| Sex (male/female) | 30/21 | 30/21 | 30/47 | 0.121 | - | - | - |
| Education | 8.69 ± 4.46 | 8.69 ± 4.46 | 9.09 ± 3.57 | 0.451 | - | - | - |
| Duration | 3.06 ± 2.00 | 5.02 ± 1.92 | - | - | - | - | - |
| H-Y stage | 1.96 ± 0.49 | 2.15 ± 0.52 | - | - | 0.066 | - | - |
| UPDRS I | 1.10 ± 1.14 | 1.63 ± 1.95 | - | - | 0.097 | - | - |
| UPDRS II | 8.18 ± 4.27 | 7.78 ± 5.14 | - | - | 0.676 | - | - |
| UPDRS III | 22.27 ± 12.03 | 18.49 ± 10.48 | - | - | 0.007 | - | - |
| UPDRS IV | 0.67 ± 1.34 | 1.16 ± 1.29 | - | - | 0.062 | - | - |
| UPDRS total | 32.41 ± 16.03 | 29.06 ± 14.89 | - | - | 0.093 | - | - |
| PDQ-39 | 21.72 ± 17.57 | 23.32 ± 20.68 | - | - | 0.678 | - | - |
| MMSE | 27.75 ± 2.77 | 27.45 ± 2.72 | 27.93 ± 2.14 | 0.588 | - | - | - |
H-Y, Hoehn-Yahr; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; PDQ-39, Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (39 questions); MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; A, ANOVA; B, Paired T-test in PD patients at baseline and follow-up; C, Independent T-test between PD patients at baseline and controls; D, Independent T-test between PD patients at follow-up and controls.