Table 2.
Age, sex, and calendar-year standardized incidence rate ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and absolute reduction in dementia risk attributed to cancer per 10,000 person-years by descriptive characteristic for in 949,309 Danish cancer patients diagnosed between 1980 and 2013.
| Alzheimeŕs disease | Vascular dementia | All-cause dementia | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observed number | Expected number | SIR (95% CI) | Absolute risk reduction | Observed number | Expected number | SIR (95% CI) | Absolute risk reduction | Observed number | Expected number | SIR (95% CI) | Absolute risk reduction | |
| All | 10,048 | 10,725 | 0.94 (0.92, 0.96) | 1.3 | 3598 | 3930 | 0.92 (0.89, 0.95) | 0.6 | 28,544 | 29,723 | 0.96 (0.95, 0.97) | 2.2 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 6121 | 6601 | 0.93 (0.90, 0.95) | 1.6 | 1904 | 2076 | 0.92 (0.88, 0.96) | 0.6 | 16,823 | 17,649 | 0.95 (0.94, 0.97) | 2.7 |
| Male | 3927 | 4124 | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | 0.9 | 1694 | 1853 | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) | 0.7 | 11,721 | 12,073 | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | 1.6 |
| CCI score | ||||||||||||
| None (CCI=0) | 7951 | 8424 | 0.94 (0.92, 0.96) | 1.1 | 2441 | 3065 | 0.80 (0.77, 0.83) | 1.4 | 21,513 | 23,294 | 0.92 (0.9 to0.94) | 4.0 |
| Low (CCI=1) | 1454 | 1595 | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) | 2.6 | 713 | 597 | 1.19 (1.11, 1.28) | −2.1 | 4668 | 4457 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.08) | −3.9 |
| Moderate (CCI=2–3) | 573 | 626 | 0.91 (0.84, 0.99) | 2.7 | 383 | 238 | 1.61 (1.46, 1.78) | −7.4 | 2068 | 1753 | 1.18 (1.13, 1.23) | −16.0 |
| High (CCI=4+) | 70 | 79 | 0.89 (0.69, 1.12) | 3.5 | 61 | 30 | 2.03 (1.55, 2.61) | −12.2 | 295 | 218 | 1.35 (1.20, 1.52) | −30.2 |
| Age at cancer diagnosis | ||||||||||||
| 0–49 | 117 | 149 | 0.78 (0.65, 0.94) | 0.2 | 56 | 65 | 0.86 (0.65, 1.12) | 0.1 | 571 | 527 | 1.08 (1.00, 1.18) | −0.3 |
| 50–59 | 752 | 725 | 1.04 (0.96, 1.11) | −0.2 | 253 | 298 | 0.85 (0.75, 0.96) | 0.4 | 2162 | 2100 | 1.03 (0.99, 1.07) | −0.5 |
| 60–69 | 2353 | 2414 | 0.97 (0.94, 1.02) | 0.4 | 975 | 995 | 0.98 (0.92, 1.04) | 0.1 | 6812 | 6809 | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) | 0.0 |
| 70–79 | 4250 | 4485 | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | 2.4 | 1482 | 1623 | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) | 1.4 | 11,433 | 11,904 | 0.96 (0.94, 0.98) | 4.7 |
| 80+ | 2576 | 2953 | 0.87 (0.84, 0.91) | 10.2 | 832 | 948 | 0.88 (0.82, 0.94) | 3.1 | 7566 | 8382 | 0.90 (0.88, 0.92) | 22.0 |
| Year of cancer diagnosis | ||||||||||||
| 1980 – 1994 | 5059 | 5076 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) | 0.1 | 1516 | 1657 | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) | 0.6 | 12,786 | 12,958 | 0.99 (0.97, 1.00) | 0.7 |
| 1995 – 2001 | 2124 | 2285 | 0.93 (0.89, 0.97) | 1.3 | 1028 | 1093 | 0.94 (0.88, 1.00) | 0.5 | 7480 | 7759 | 0.96 (0.94, 0.99) | 2.3 |
| 2002 – 2009 | 2447 | 2832 | 0.86 (0.83, 0.90) | 3.0 | 940 | 1033 | 0.91 (0.85, 0.97) | 0.7 | 7157 | 7756 | 0.92 (0.90, 0.94) | 4.7 |
| 2010 – 2013 | 418 | 531 | 0.79 (0.71, 0.87) | 4.6 | 114 | 147 | 0.78 (0.64, 0.93) | 1.3 | 1121 | 1250 | 0.90 (0.85, 0.95) | 5.3 |
| Year of follow-up | ||||||||||||
| 0–1 | 1294 | 1348 | 0.96 (0.91, 1.01) | 0.7 | 405 | 453 | 0.89 (0.81, 0.99) | 0.6 | 3446 | 3346 | 1.03 (1.00, 1.07) | −1.3 |
| >1–5 | 2964 | 3517 | 0.84 (0.81, 0.87) | 2.9 | 1080 | 1219 | 0.89 (0.83, 0.94) | 0.7 | 8102 | 9137 | 0.89 (0.87, 0.91) | 5.5 |
| >5–10 | 2495 | 2602 | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) | 0.8 | 898 | 963 | 0.93 (0.87, 1.00) | 0.5 | 7033 | 7308 | 0.96 (0.94, 0.99) | 2.1 |
| >10–20 | 2446 | 2406 | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) | −0.4 | 994 | 1004 | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) | 0.1 | 7648 | 7572 | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | −0.7 |
| >20–34 | 849 | 852 | 1.00 (0.93, 1.07) | 0.1 | 221 | 291 | 0.76 (0.66, 0.87) | 2.8 | 2315 | 2361 | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) | 1.8 |
| Specific comorbidities in the CCI | ||||||||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 358 | 411 | 0.87 (0.78, 0.97) | 4.4 | 201 | 167 | 1.20 (1.04, 1.38) | −2.8 | 1142 | 1182 | 0.97 (0.91, 1.02) | 3.3 |
| Congestive heart failure | 231 | 288 | 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) | 8.4 | 136 | 107 | 1.27 (1.07, 1.50) | −4.3 | 832 | 820 | 1.01 (0.95, 1.09) | −1.8 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 250 | 281 | 0.89 (0.78, 1.01) | 3.6 | 140 | 107 | 1.30 (1.10, 1.54) | −3.8 | 859 | 779 | 1.10 (1.03, 1.18) | −9.2 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 560 | 599 | 0.93 (0.86, 1.02) | 2.4 | 532 | 223 | 2.39 (2.19, 2.60) | −18.9 | 2250 | 1686 | 1.33 (1.28, 1.39) | −34.5 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 385 | 461 | 0.83 (0.75, 0.92) | 4.5 | 153 | 171 | 0.89 (0.76, 1.05) | 1.1 | 1247 | 1251 | 1.00 (0.94, 1.05) | 0.2 |
| Connective tissue disease | 220 | 250 | 0.88 (0.77, 1.00) | 3.7 | 103 | 88 | 1.16 (0.95, 1.41) | −1.8 | 691 | 692 | 1.00 (0.93, 1.08) | 0.2 |
| Ulcer disease | 384 | 365 | 1.05 (0.95, 1.16) | −1.6 | 177 | 142 | 1.24 (1.07, 1.44) | −2.8 | 1220 | 1051 | 1.16 (1.10, 1.23) | −13.7 |
| Mild liver disease | 34 | 35 | 0.98 (0.68, 1.37) | 0.3 | 20 | 13 | 1.49 (0.91, 2.29) | −2.7 | 165 | 97 | 1.70 (1.45, 1.98) | −28.1 |
| Diabetes I and II | 314 | 310 | 1.01 (0.91, 1.13) | −0.4 | 192 | 110 | 1.74 (1.50, 2.01) | −7.4 | 1085 | 822 | 1.32 (1.24, 1.40) | −23.8 |
| Hemiplegia | 5 | 13 | 0.40 (0.13, 0.93) | 13.8 | <5 | 4 | NA | 0.5 | 29 | 33 | 0.88 (0.59, 1.27) | 7.0 |
| Moderate to severe renal disease | 81 | 92 | 0.88 (0.70, 1.09) | 2.9 | 51 | 35 | 1.46 (1.09, 1.92) | −4.3 | 285 | 256 | 1.11 (0.99, 1.25) | −7.6 |
| Diabetes with end organ | 101 | 105 | 0.96 (0.79, 1.17) | 1.0 | 87 | 40 | 2.19 (1.76, 2.71) | −12.6 | 397 | 287 | 1.38 (1.25, 1.52) | −29.2 |
| Moderate to severe liver disease | <5 | 7 | NA | NA | <5 | 3 | NA | NA | 26 | 20 | 1.29 (0.84, 1.90) | −10.7 |
| AIDS | <5 | 1 | NA | NA | <5 | 0 | NA | NA | 5 | 2 | 2.57 (0.83, 5.98) | −14.3 |
| Cancer stage* | ||||||||||||
| Localized | 733 | 824 | 0.89 (0.83, 0.96) | 2.8 | 253 | 272 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.05) | 0.6 | 1910 | 2156 | 0.89 (0.85, 0.93) | 7.5 |
| Regional | 6912 | 7195 | 0.96 (0.94, 0.98) | 0.8 | 2452 | 2670 | 0.92 (0.88, 0.96) | 0.6 | 19,503 | 20,192 | 0.97 (0.95, 0.98) | 1.9 |
| Distant | 585 | 691 | 0.85 (0.78, 0.92) | 2.7 | 176 | 243 | 0.73 (0.62, 0.84) | 1.7 | 1677 | 1812 | 0.93 (0.88, 0.97) | 3.4 |
| Missing | 1818 | 2014 | 0.90 (0.86, 0.94) | 2.1 | 717 | 745 | 0.96 (0.89, 1.04) | 0.3 | 5454 | 5562 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) | 1.2 |
| Radiotherapy by follow-up period† | ||||||||||||
| >3 months-10 years | 165 | 220 | 0.75 (0.64, 0.87) | 4.1 | 55 | 70 | 0.79 (0.60, 1.03) | 1.1 | 494 | 545 | 0.91 (0.83, 0.99) | 3.8 |
| >3months-1 year | 23 | 42 | 0.55 (0.35, 0.82) | 6.5 | 12 | 15 | 0.80 (0.41, 1.39) | 1.1 | 98 | 111 | 0.88 (0.72, 1.08) | 4.5 |
| >1–5 years | 95 | 129 | 0.74 (0.60, 0.90) | 4.1 | 38 | 41 | 0.92 (0.65, 1.26) | 0.4 | 293 | 322 | 0.91 (0.81, 1.02) | 3.6 |
| >5–10 years | 47 | 49 | 0.96 (0.70, 1.27) | 0.9 | 5 | 13 | 0.38 (0.12, 0.89) | 3.4 | 103 | 113 | 0.91 (0.75, 1.11) | 4.0 |
| Chemotherapy by follow-up period† | ||||||||||||
| >3 months-10 years | 130 | 170 | 0.76 (0.64, 0.91) | 2.2 | 30 | 55 | 0.55 (0.37,0.78) | 1.4 | 342 | 425 | 0.80 (0.72, 0.89) | 4.6 |
| >3months-1 year | 18 | 41 | 0.44 (0.26, 0.70) | 5.2 | <10 | 15 | 0.20 (0.04,0.60) | 2.7 | 70 | 107 | 0.65 (0.51–0.83) | 8.4 |
| >1–5 years | 75 | 98 | 0.77 (0.60, 0.96) | 2.1 | 20 | 32 | 0.63 (0.38, 0.97) | 1.1 | 197 | 245 | 0.80 (0.70–0.92) | 4.5 |
| >5–10 years | 37 | 32 | 1.16 (0.82, 1.60) | −1.8 | <10 | 9 | 0.82 (0.33, 1.68) | 0.6 | 75 | 73 | 1.02 (0.81–1.28) | 0.6 |
CCI. Charlson comorbidity index.
*
Only solid tumors
†
Treatment received within three months of cancer diagnosis, starting follow-up at this date. Restricting to patients diagnosed from 2004 onwards due to data availability.