Table 2.
Clinical characteristics and treatments in patients with COVID-19
| All patients (n = 619) | Patients with increased leukocytes (n = 52) | Patients with non-increase leukocytes (n = 567) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms and signs at admission, n (%) | ||||
| Fever | ||||
| Any | 472 (76.3) | 47 (90.4) | 425 (75.0) | 0.012 |
| Highest temperature ≥ 39 °C | 134 (21.6) | 25 (48.1) | 109 (19.2) | < 0.001 |
| Highest temperature < 39 °C | 338 (54.6) | 22 (42.3) | 316 (55.7) | 0.063 |
| Cough | 439 (70.9) | 41 (78.8) | 398 (70.2) | 0.189 |
| Sputum production | 57 (9.2) | 11 (21.2) | 46 (8.1) | 0.002 |
| Dyspnea | 105 (17.0) | 29 (55.8) | 76 (13.4) | < 0.001 |
| Haemoptysis | 10 (1.6) | 2 (3.8) | 8 (1.4) | 0.202 |
| Headache | 42 (6.79) | 9 (17.3) | 33 (5.8) | 0.005 |
| Muscle ache | 51 (8.3) | 14 (26.9) | 37 (6.5) | < 0.001 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 24 (3.9) | 3 (5.8) | 21 (3.7) | 0.444 |
| Diarrhoea | 10 (1.6) | 2 (3.8) | 8 (1.4) | 0.202 |
| Fatigue | 142 (22.9) | 35 (67.3) | 107 (18.9) | < 0.001 |
| Rhinorrhoea | 27 (4.4) | 2 (3.8) | 25 (4.4) | 1.00 |
| Sore throat | 61 (9.9) | 2(3.8) | 59 (10.4) | 0.129 |
| Systolic pressure (mmHg), (mean ± SD) | 126.6 ± 13.9 | 137.4 ± 20.6 | 125.6 ± 12.7 | < 0.001 |
| Respiratory rate (breath/min), median (IQH) | 20 (19–23) | 23 (20–26) | 20 (19–22) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 20 breath/min, n (%) | 432 (69.8) | 47 (90.4) | 385 (67.9) | 0.001 |
| Hearth rate(beat/min), median (IQH) | 81 (76–89) | 92 (82–107.5) | 80 (76–89) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 100 beat/min, n (%) | 77 (12.4) | 19(36.5) | 58 (10.2) | < 0.001 |
| Treatments, n (%) | ||||
| Antiviral therapy | 559 (90.3) | 50 (95.6) | 509 (89.8) | 0.136 |
| Antibiotic therapy | 441 (71.2) | 45 (86.5) | 396 (69.8) | 0.011 |
| Systemic glucocorticoids | 219 (35.4) | 31 (59.6) | 188 (33.2) | < 0.001 |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin | 113 (18.3) | 33 (63.5) | 80 (14.1) | < 0.001 |
| Oxygen therapy | 338 (54.6) | 51 (98.1) | 287 (50.6) | < 0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilator | ||||
| Any | 83 (13.4) | 24 (46.2) | 59 (10.4) | < 0.001 |
| Invasive | 15 (2.4) | 9 (17.3) | 6 (1.1) | < 0.001 |
| Non-invasive | 68 (11.0) | 12 (23.1) | 56 (9.9) | 0.004 |
| Use of ECMO | 3 (0.5) | 2 (3.8) | 1 (0.2) | 0.02 |
COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation